vavilovВавиловский журнал генетики и селекцииVavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding2500-3259Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS10.18699/vjgb-26-46vavilov-5111Research ArticleСИМБИОТИЧЕСКИЕ СИСТЕМЫSYMBIOTIC SYSTEMSИзменение транскрипции генов аквапоринов в листьях люцерны хмелевидной в результате микоризации грибом арбускулярной микоризы в условиях дефицита водыTranscriptional changes of aquaporin genes in leaves of black medic induced by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal inoculation under water deficitЮрковА. П.YurkovA. P.

Санкт-Петербург

St. Petersburg

КудряшоваТ. Р.KudriashovaT. R.

Санкт-Петербург

St. Petersburg

БеляеваА. И.BelyaevaA. I.

Санкт-Петербург

St. Petersburg

КрюковА. А.KryukovA. A.

Санкт-Петербург

St. Petersburg

rainniar@rambler.ruВсероссийский научно-исследовательский институт сельскохозяйственной микробиологииРоссияAll-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural MicrobiologyRussian Federation202626052026303424434Copyright © Юрков А.П., Кудряшова Т.Р., Беляева А.И., Крюков А.А., 20262026Юрков А.П., Кудряшова Т.Р., Беляева А.И., Крюков А.А.Yurkov A.P., Kudriashova T.R., Belyaeva A.I., Kryukov A.A.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/5111

Одним из актуальных направлений исследований растительно-микробных взаимодействий является изучение механизмов адаптации растений к стресс-факторам среды за счет развития симбиозов с различными микроорганизмами. Хорошо известна роль грибов арбускулярной микоризы в адаптации растений к засухе, но механизмы данных процессов до сих пор раскрыты не полностью, особенно в тканях листьев. Предполагается, что некоторые из генов аквапоринов могут играть важную роль как в адаптации растений к недостатку влаги, так и в развитии эффективного симбиоза с грибами арбускулярной микоризы. Таким образом, важной задачей в изучении растительно-микробных симбиозов является оценка влияния инокуляции грибом арбускулярной микоризы на экспрессию генов аквапоринов в листьях растений в высокоэффективной модельной растительно-микробной системе “Medicago lupulina + Rhizophagus irregularis” в условиях засухи. Сравнительная оценка транскрипции генов выполнена методом 2–∆∆CT по результатам количественной ПЦР в реальном времени: нормализация проведена по отношению к референсному гену – актину, контролем выступал вариант без инокуляции грибом. Исследование проведено как в начальную фазу развития – фазу развития 2-го листа, так и в фазу активного растительно-микробного взаимодействия – фазу цветения. В результате выявлены гены, имеющие достоверную дифференциальную экспрессию в условиях засухи при сравнении микоризованных и немикоризованных растений люцерны хмелевидной: NIP3;1, NIP4;2, специфический NIP7;1, TIP5;1 – в фазу развития 2-го листа; NIP3;1, NIP5;1, NIP6;4, NIP7;1 (специфический), PIP1;4, TIP2;3 и XIP1;1 (специфический) – в фазу цветения. Ранее в подобном эксперименте, но в условиях нормального полива эти же гены не имели дифференциальной экспрессии в сравнении микоризованных и немикоризованных растений. Вероятно, перечисленные гены принимают участие в адаптации изученных растений к условиям засухи. Полученные сведения могут быть использованы в разработке высокопродуктивных растительно-микробных систем с участием грибов арбускулярной микоризы с целью перехода к биологическому земледелию, минимизации негативного влияния на окружающую среду и повышению устойчивости растений к недостатку влаги.

One of the current research directions in plant-microbe interactions focuses on the mechanisms of plant adaptation to environmental stress through symbioses with various microorganisms. While the role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in plant adaptation to drought is well-known, the underlying mechanisms of these processes remain poorly understood, particularly in leaf tissues. It is suggested that certain genes from the aquaporin family play a critical role both in adaptation to water deficit and in the development of an effective arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis. Thus, the important task in this study of plant-microbe symbioses is to assess the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal inoculation on the expression of aquaporin genes in leaves. This study utilizes the highly effective plant-microbe model system “Medicago lupulina + Rhizophagus irregularis” under drought stress conditions. A comparative assessment of gene transcription was carried out using the 2–∆∆CT method based on real-time quantitative PCR results: normalization was performed relative to the actin reference gene with non-inoculated plants serving as the control. The study was conducted both at the initial development stage (the 2nd leaf stage), and at the stage of active plant-microbe interaction (the flowering stage). The study revealed genes with significant differential expression under drought conditions when comparing mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal Medicago lupulina plants: NIP3;1, NIP4;2, specific NIP7;1, TIP5;1 at the 2nd leaf stage; genes NIP3;1, NIP5;1, NIP6;4, NIP7;1 (specific), PIP1;4, TIP2;3 and specific XIP1;1 at the flowering stage. Previously, in a similar experiment, under well-watering conditions, the same genes did not have differential expression between mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal plants. Thus, the listed genes likely participate in the adaptation of the studied plants to drought conditions. The obtained information can be used to develop highly productive plant-microbe systems involving arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, aimed at transitioning to organic farming, minimizing negative environmental impact, and enhancing plant resistance to water deficit.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.