vavilovВавиловский журнал генетики и селекцииVavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding2500-3259Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS10.18699/vjgb-26-51vavilov-5116Research ArticleГЕНЕТИКА ЧЕЛОВЕКАHUMAN GENETICSИсследование ассоциации генетических вариантов с развитием музыкальных способностей человекаThe association study of genetic variants with developing musical aptitude in humansКазанцеваА. В.KazantsevaA. V.

Уфа

Ufa

Kazantsa@mail.ruТороповаА. В.ToropovaA. V.

Москва

Moscow

ХуснутдиноваЭ. К.KhusnutdinovaE. K.

Уфа

Ufa

МалыхС. Б.MalykhS. B.

Москва

Moscow

Институт биохимии и генетики – обособленное структурное подразделение Уфимского федерального исследовательского центра Российской академии наук; Уфимский государственный нефтяной технический университетРоссияInstitute of Biochemistry and Genetics – Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Ufa State Petroleum Technological UniversityRussian FederationМосковский педагогический государственный университетРоссияMoscow Pedagogical State UniversityRussian FederationИнститут биохимии и генетики – обособленное структурное подразделение Уфимского федерального исследовательского центра Российской академии наукРоссияInstitute of Biochemistry and Genetics – Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian FederationПсихологический институт Российской академии образования; Московский государственный университет им. M.В. Ломоносова, факультет психологииРоссияPsychological Institute of the Russian Academy of Education; M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of PsychologyRussian Federation202626052026303470481Copyright © Казанцева А.В., Торопова А.В., Хуснутдинова Э.К., Малых С.Б., 20262026Казанцева А.В., Торопова А.В., Хуснутдинова Э.К., Малых С.Б.Kazantseva A.V., Toropova A.V., Khusnutdinova E.K., Malykh S.B.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/5116

Формирование музыкальных способностей, включающих абсолютный слух, музыкальную память, чувство ритма, музыкальность, в значительной степени определяется наследственной составляющей (до 68 %). Проведенные к настоящему времени работы с использованием полногеномного анализа сцепления и ассоциаций с музыкальной одаренностью позволили выявить более 100 генетических локусов. В этот спектр входят гены транскрипционных факторов, регуляции нейрогенеза и синаптической пластичности; гены, закрепленные в ходе позитивной селекции музыкальности, а также связанные с особенностями формирования внутреннего уха. Поскольку ранее в Российской Федерации исследований по изучению связи музыкального таланта с генетической компонентой не проводилось, настоящая работа направлена на репликацию ассоциации ранее идентифицированных 17 однонуклеотидных вариантов (SNP) с формированием музыкальных способностей у русских. Генотипирование полиморфных локусов в генах GATA2, PCDH7, UNC5C, ASAP1, SBSPON, DCBLD2, KALRN, VLDLR, OTOF, GRIN2B, FoxP1, FoxP2, BDNF, EGR1, SNCA проводилось с помощью конкурентной аллель-специфичной ПЦР в выборке студентов, прошедших строгий конкурсный отбор при поступлении в консерватории, и в соответствующей контрольной группе. Метод логистической регрессии применялся как для оценки основного эффекта отдельных полиморфных вариантов, так и для выявления наилучшей прогностической модели, содержащей различные генетические локусы. Математическая модель, полученная в результате включения только ассоциированных SNP, состояла из генетических локусов GATA2 rs9854612, SNCA rs356168 и rs3910105, ASAP1 rs3057 и VLDLR rs1454626 (р = 0.0018, псевдо-r2 = 0.188, AUC = 0.791). Добавление всех изученных генетических локусов в качестве предикторов в регрессионный анализ позволило создать статистически значимую модель, обладающую более высокой прогностической способностью (р = 0.012, псевдо-r2 = 0.380, AUC = 0.889). Полученные результаты указывают на потенциальный кумулятивный эффект белковых продуктов изученных генов, подтверждая вовлеченность дофаминергической и ГАМКергической нейротрансмиссии, рилинового пути и роль альфа-синуклеина в формировании музыкальности.

The development of musical abilities, including absolute pitch, musical memory, rhythm sense, and musicality, at a high degree is determined by a hereditary component (up to 68 %). The studies implementing a genome-wide linkage and association approach to musical aptitude have revealed more than 100 genetic loci. This spectrum is comprised of the genes encoding for transcription factors and those responsible for neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity, genes fixed as a result of positive selection of musicality, and those related to inner ear formation. Since no studies linking musical aptitude with genes have been previously conducted in Russia, the present study aimed at replicating the association of 17 previously identified genetic variants with developing musical abilities in Russians. Genotyping of SNPs in the GATA2, PCDH7, UNC5C, ASAP1, SBSPON, DCBLD2, KALRN, VLDLR, OTOF, GRIN2B, FoxP1, FoxP2, BDNF, EGR1, and SNCA genes was performed using competitive allele-specific PCR in a sample of students who underwent rigorous contest selection at admission to the conservatory and in the corresponding control group. A series of logistic regression analyses were used both to evaluate the main effect of SNP and to identify the best prognostic model based on various loci. The mathematical model obtained by including only statistically significant SNPs consisted of GATA2 rs9854612, SNCA rs356168, rs3910105, ASAP1 rs3057, and VLDLR rs1454626 (р = 0.0018, pseudo r2 = 0.188, AUC = 0.791). The addition of all examined SNPs as predictors enabled the construction of a statistically significant model with a higher predictive ability (р = 0.012, pseudo r2 = 0.380, AUC = 0.889). The results revealed indicate a potential cumulative gene effect, confirming the involvement of dopaminergic and GABAergic neurotransmission, the reelin pathway and the role of alpha-synuclein in musicality formation.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.