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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/vjgb-26-63</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-5188</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СЕЛЕКЦИЯ РАСТЕНИЙ НА ИММУНИТЕТ И ПРОДУКТИВНОСТЬ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PLANT BREEDING FOR IMMUNITY AND PERFORMANCE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Использование геномных методов скрининга в создании селекционного материала риса с высоким качеством зерна</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Using genomic screening methods to create high-quality rice breeding material</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5843-0930</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Туманьян</surname><given-names>Н. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tumanyan</surname><given-names>N. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>пос. Белозерный, Краснодар</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Belozerny, Krasnodar</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tngerag@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3557-1615</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мухина</surname><given-names>Ж. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mukhina</surname><given-names>Zh. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>пос. Белозерный, Краснодар</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Belozerny, Krasnodar</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральный научный центр риса Министерства сельского хозяйства Российской Федерации<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Federal Rice Research Centre of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>30</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>625</fpage><lpage>635</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Туманьян Н.Г., Мухина Ж.М., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Туманьян Н.Г., Мухина Ж.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tumanyan N.G., Mukhina Z.M.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/5188">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/5188</self-uri><abstract><p>Рис как ключевая модель в изучении геномики агроэкосистем находится в центре внимания исследований по решению задач производства достаточного количества продуктов для растущего населения Земли. Качество зерна возделываемых сортов риса лежит в основе его конкурентоспособности и культуры потребления. На основе анализа отечественных и зарубежных исследований представлены сведения о молекулярно-генетических методах и достижениях в создании новых ценных генотипов риса при использовании данных секвенирования геномов. Непрерывное обогащение генплазмы риса в мировых селекционных центрах происходит благодаря высокоэффективным подходам с применением постгеномных и клеточных технологий в сочетании с традиционными методами фенотипирования. В обзоре рассматриваются достижения молекулярно-генетических исследований риса, относящихся к ценным признакам качества зерна – его стекловидности (мучнистости) и форме (размерам). В программах по маркер-ориентированной и геномной селекции риса широко используется анализ GWAS. В последние годы генотипирование методом GBS стало широко применяться для выявления взаимосвязи между фенотипом и генотипом на основе анализа двуродительских картирующих популяций и выборок сортообразцов. Постгеномный период исследований, связанный с поиском генов-кандидатов ценных признаков качества, начался после получения референсных последовательностей геномов. В результате были обнаружены сотни QTL признака мучнистости по 12 хромосомам, немногие из них были картированы или секвенированы. К 2018 г. секвенировано и охарактеризовано несколько основных QTL, влияющих на размер зерна. Наличие рецессивного аллеля GS3 и доминантного аллеля GW7TFA увеличивает соотношение длины зерна к ширине. В 2023 г. было показано, что сверхэкспрессия OsFIF3 ингибирует экспрессию FLO2 и SUT1, тем самым увеличивает мучнистость зерна и снижает его размеры. Селекционный прорыв связывают с использованием неcпецифических маркеров признаков длины, ширины, толщины, отношения длины зерновки к ширине, GS3RGS1 и RM505 в качестве маркеров выбора. Все исследования представляют собой непрерывный процесс с целью выхода на максимально возможный уровень реализации высоких параметров качества продукции из риса.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Rice, as a key model in the study of agroecosystem genomics, is the focus of research meant to address the challenges of producing sufficient food for the growing global population. In breeding programs developing new varieties, improving the physicochemical properties of the grain is crucial. Based on the analysis of national and international research, this article presents information on new molecular genetic methodologies and advances in the development of new valuable rice genotypes using genome sequencing data. Continuous enrichment of rice germplasm at global breeding centers is achieved through the use of highly effective approaches employing postgenomic and cellular technologies in combination with traditional phenotyping methods. This review examines the achievements of molecular genetic research in rice, focusing on valuable grain quality traits such as vitreousness (chalkiness) and shape (size). GWAS analysis is widely used in marker-assisted and genomic rice breeding programs. More recently, GBS analysis has been used to identify relationships between phenotype and genotype based on the analysis of bi-parental mapping populations and varietal accessions. The post-genomic research period, focused on the search for candidate genes for valuable quality traits, had started after the genomic reference sequences were obtained. As a result, hundreds of QTLs for the chalkiness trait were discovered across 12 chromosomes, few were accurately mapped or sequenced. By 2018, several major QTLs affecting grain size were sequenced and characterized. For example, the presence of the recessive GS3 allele and the dominant GW7TFA allele increases the grain length-to-width ratio. In 2023, it was shown that overexpression of OsFIF3 inhibits the expression of FLO2 and SUT1, thereby increasing chalkiness and reducing grain size. This breeding breakthrough is attributed, for example, to the use of non-digital markers for length, width, thickness, and the grain length-to-width ratio, GS3RGS1 and RM505, as selection markers. All research is an ongoing process aimed at achieving the highest possible level of high-quality rice products.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рис</kwd><kwd>селекция</kwd><kwd>генотипирование</kwd><kwd>секвенирование</kwd><kwd>маркер</kwd><kwd>качество риса</kwd><kwd>стекловидность зерна</kwd><kwd>форма зерна</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>rice</kwd><kwd>selection</kwd><kwd>genotyping</kwd><kwd>sequencing</kwd><kwd>marker</kwd><kwd>rice quality</kwd><kwd>vitreousness</kwd><kwd>grain shape</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>The research was carried out with the financial support of the Russian Science Foundation and Kuban Science Foundation grant No. 25-16-20103, https://rscf.ru/project/25-16-20103/. 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