vavilovВавиловский журнал генетики и селекцииVavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding2500-3259Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS10.18699/vjgb-26-60vavilov-5192Research ArticleГЕНЕТИКА РАСТЕНИЙPLANT GENETICSДифференциация субгеномов среди StY-геномных видов рода Elymus (Triticeae, Poaceae) с территории России по данным секвенирования ядерного гена GBSS1 (waxy)Differentiation of subgenomes in StY-genomic species of the genus Elymus (Triticeae, Poaceae) from the territory of Russia according to sequencing data of the nuclear gene GBSS1 (waxy)https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1403-5867АгафоновА. В.AgafonovA. V.

Новосибирск

Novosibirsk

agalex@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6566-9325Шабанова (Кобозева)Е. В.Shabanova (Kobozeva)E. V.

Новосибирск

Novosibirsk

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9181-0487БондарьА. А.BondarA. A.

Новосибирск

Novosibirsk

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5729-3594ДорогинаО. В.DoroginaO. V.

Новосибирск

Novosibirsk

Центральный сибирский ботанический сад Сибирского отделения Российской академии наукРоссияCentral Siberian Botanical Garden of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian FederationИнститут химической биологии и фундаментальной медицины Сибирского отделения Российской академии наукРоссияInstitute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation202624072026304581592Copyright © Агафонов А.В., Шабанова (Кобозева) Е.В., Бондарь А.А., Дорогина О.В., 20262026Агафонов А.В., Шабанова (Кобозева) Е.В., Бондарь А.А., Дорогина О.В.Agafonov A.V., Shabanova (Kobozeva) E.V., Bondar A.A., Dorogina O.V.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/5192

По последним данным, на территории России распространены 55 видов рода Elymus, которые являются носителями трех субгеномных комбинаций: StH, StY и StHY. Среди них StY-геномная группа насчитывает всего 10 видов с разной степенью изученности эволюционных связей. Предковые таксоны рода Pseudoroegneria были донорами субгенома St для всех современных видов рода Elymus. StY-геномная группа видов обладает дополнительным субгеномом Y с неизвестным происхождением, который по некоторым сведениям близок к субгеному St. Нами изучены филогенетические взаимоотношения между StY-геномными видами с территории России, пятью видами рода Pseudoroegneria и пятью видами рода Hordeum из Генбанка NCBI путем сравнения нуклеотидных последовательностей ядерного гена GBSS1 с 9-го по 14-й экзон. Проведен анализ участков более консервативных экзонов в сравнении с интронами, которые не кодируют аминокислотные последовательности фермента. Все варианты гена из субгеномов St у изученных видов подразделяются на три кластера сообразно трем маркерным группам нуклеотидных последовательностей клонов рода Pseudoroegneria: центральноазиатской (St1) с реперным видом P. strigosa, североамериканской (St2) с маркирующим видом P. spicata и ближневосточной (St3) с двумя видами – P. tauri и P. libanotica, к которым тяготеет восточноевропейский вид P. stipifolia. Ни у одного из изученных видов субгеном Н, имеющий происхождение от предковых таксонов рода Hordeum (Critesion), не обнаружен. Что касается Y-субгенома в варианте «интроны», то в целом этот кластер менее дифференцирован, чем в варианте «экзоны». Данный факт противоречит сложившимся представлениям о большей консервативности генных участков, ответственных за синтез ферментных молекул. Среди наиболее примечательных характеристик в сравнении нуклеотидных последовательностей следует отметить наличие особой дальневосточной расы E. gmelinii с последовательностями St3 вместо St1 и расположение последовательностей всех клонов североказахстанского образца E. fedtschenkoi KSA-0935 в кластере St2 вместо St3.

According to the latest data, 55 species of the genus Elymus are distributed in Russia, carrying three subgenomic combinations (StH, StY, and StHY). Among them, the StY-genomic group comprises only 10 species, with varying degrees of understanding of their evolutionary relationships. Ancestral taxa of the genus Pseudoroegneria donated the St subgenome to all modern species of the genus Elymus. The StY-genomic group of species possesses an additional Y subgenome of unknown origin, which, according to some data, is close to the St subgenome. We studied the phylogenetic relationships between StY-genomic species from Russia, five species of the genus Pseudoroegneria, and five species of the genus Hordeum from the NCBI GenBank by comparing the nucleotide sequences of the nuclear gene GBSS1 from exons 9 to 14. One of the main objectives was a comparative analysis of phylogenetic patterns based on (i) more conservative exons and (ii) introns that do not encode the amino acid sequences of the enzyme. All gene variants from the St subgenomes of the studied species are divided into three clusters according to three marker groups of nucleotide sequence of clones in the genus Pseudoroegneria: Central Asian (St1) with the reference species P. strigosa, North American (St2) with the marker species P. spicata, and Middle Eastern (St3) with two species, P. tauri and P. libanotica, to which the Eastern European species P. stipifolia gravitates. The H subgenome, originating from ancestral taxa of the genus Hordeum (Critesion), was not detected in any of the studied species. The cluster of Y subgenome in the “introns” variant is generally visually less differentiated than in the “exons” variant. This fact contradicts the established notion that gene regions responsible for the synthesis of enzymatic molecules are more conserved. Among the most notable characteristics in the comparison of nucleotide sequences is the presence of a special Far Eastern race of E. gmelinii with St3 sequences instead of St1 and the location of the sequences of all clones of the North Kazakhstan accession E. fedtschenkoi KSA-0935 in the St2 cluster instead of St3.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.