References

vavilov

Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции

Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding

2500-3259

Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS

10.18699/vjgb-26-72

vavilov-5224

Research Article

МОЛЕКУЛЯРНАЯ И КЛЕТОЧНАЯ БИОЛОГИЯ

MOLECULAR AND CELL BIOLOGY

Патогенные модуляторы клеточного старения

Pathogenic modulators of cellular senescence

Симороз

Е. В.

Simoroz

E. V.

Краснодарский край

Krasnodar region

Антонов

Е. В.

Antonov

Y. V.

Краснодарский край

Krasnodar region

Муравьев

Г. С.

Muravyov

G. S.

Краснодарский край

Krasnodar region

Василевская

Е.

Vasilevska

Краснодарский край

Krasnodar region

vasilevskaya.e@talantiuspeh.ru

Рогаев

Е. И.

Rogaev

E. I.

Шрусбери

Shrewsbury

Научно-технологический университет «Сириус», федеральная территория «Сириус»РоссияSirius University of Science and Technology, Sirius Federal TerritoryRussian Federation

Медицинская школа Чан Массачусетского университета, департамент психиатрииСоединённые Штаты АмерикиUMass Chan Medical School, Department of PsychiatryUnited States

2026

26082026

305713724

2026

Симороз Е.В., Антонов Е.В., Муравьев Г.С., Василевская Е., Рогаев Е.И.

Simoroz E.V., Antonov Y.V., Muravyov G.S., Vasilevska J., Rogaev E.I.

Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/5224

Клеточное старение (сенесценция) представляет собой необратимую утрату способности к пролиферации при сохранении жизнеспособности и метаболической активности клетки. Этот процесс сопровождается формированием провоспалительного секреторного фенотипа, ассоциированного со старением (SASP), который способен оказывать повреждающее воздействие на окружающие ткани и организм в целом. Накопление сенесцентных клеток в тканях способствует ускорению возрастных изменений организма и развитию сопутствующих патологий, а также оказывает влияние на различные физиологические процессы, включая эмбриональное развитие, заживление ран, рост опухолей и регуляцию иммунного ответа. Сложность процесса старения обусловлена многообразием его механизмов, потенциальной обратимостью и гетерогенностью. В области экспериментальной геронтологии особое внимание уделяется выявлению патогенных модуляторов, регулирующих образование и накопление сенесцентных клеток, и исследованию их влияния на функциональное состояние тканей. Особый интерес представляет выявление новых молекулярных механизмов, участвующих в регуляции процессов клеточного старения. Основные патогенно опосредованные молекулярные пути включают p53-опосредованное старение и путь p16INK4a/pRb, а также неканонические механизмы, такие как IFIH1-MAVS, которые вызывают окислительный стресс, повреждение ДНК, активацию SASP и другие клеточные нарушения. В данной работе проводится анализ влияния вирусов и бактерий на процессы клеточного старения с основным акцентом на индукцию сенесценции in vitro. Представлен всесторонний обзор регуляторных механизмов, посредством которых бактерии и вирусы инициируют старение клеток. Описаны генетические варианты, которые обусловливают предрасположенность к инфекциям, что, в свою очередь, влияет на патоген-индуцируемые процессы старения. Кроме того, систематизированы и проанализированы маркеры, применяемые для идентификации сенесцентных клеток. Исследование молекулярных механизмов клеточного старения открывает возможности для создания целенаправленных и эффективных терапий. Эти стратегии могут избирательно активировать старение в раковых клетках, подавлять его для замедления возрастных заболеваний или комплексно регулировать процессы старения для оптимальных результатов.

Cellular senescence is characterized by irreversible cell-cycle arrest, with cells remaining viable and metabolically active. This state features a proinflammatory senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) that can harm neighboring tissues. Accumulation of senescent cells accelerates age-related physiological decline and associated pathologies. Furthermore, cellular senescence is implicated in various physiological processes, including embryonic development, wound healing, tumor progression, and immune response regulation. The complexity of the aging process arises from its diverse underlying mechanisms, potential reversibility, and intrinsic heterogeneity. Experimental gerontology focuses on identifying pathogenic modulators that regulate the formation and accumulation of senescent cells, as well as investigating their impact on tissue function. Within the field of experimental gerontology, considerable attention is devoted to identifying pathogenic modulators that regulate the formation and accumulation of senescent cells, as well as to investigating their impact on tissue function. Of particular interest is the characterization of novel molecular mechanisms that govern cellular aging. Key pathogenic molecular pathways include the p53-dependent senescence pathway, the p16INK4a/pRb pathway, and non-canonical pathways like IFIH1-MAVS, which contribute to oxidative stress, DNA damage, activation of SASP, and other cellular dysfunction. This study critically examines how viral and bacterial agents induce cellular senescence, particularly in vitro, reviewing the regulatory mechanisms involved. It discusses genetic variants affecting infection susceptibility and categorizes senescence markers. Investigating the molecular mechanisms underlying cellular aging presents promising avenues for the development of targeted and effective therapeutic interventions. Such strategies may include the selective induction of senescence in cancer cells, suppression of senescence to mitigate age-related diseases, or the comprehensive modulation of aging processes to optimize clinical outcomes.

старениевирусыбактериипатогенные модуляторы

senescencevirusesbacteriapathogenic modulators

The study was supported by the Sirius Federal Territory. Agreement 18-03, project MB-BFT-2403 (A.Y.V., M.G.S., V.J.). Acknowledgements. The schematic figures were created using BioRender.com, while additional elements of the figures were produced by Illustrae Neuron

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.