vavilovВавиловский журнал генетики и селекцииVavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding2500-3259Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS10.18699/vjgb-26-79vavilov-5232Research ArticleМЕДИЦИНСКАЯ ГЕНЕТИКАMEDICAL GENETICSАнализ распределения гаплотипов генов IL13 и ADAM33 у русских, хакасов и тувинцев в связи с риском развития бронхиальной астмыAnalysis of distribution of IL13 and ADAM33 gene haplotypes in Russians, Khakass, Tuvans in relation to the risk of developing bronchial asthmaСмольниковаМ. В.SmolnikovaM. V.

Красноярск

Krasnoyarsk

smarinv@yandex.ruАфоничеваК. В.AfonichevaK. V.

Красноярск

Krasnoyarsk

МилейкоА. Г.MileykoA. G.

Красноярск

Krasnoyarsk

Научно-исследовательский институт медицинских проблем Севера – обособленное подразделение Федерального исследовательского центра «Красноярский научный центр Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук»РоссияScientific Research Institute of Medical Problems of the North – a separate division of the Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center” of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation202626082026305782791Copyright © Смольникова М.В., Афоничева К.В., Милейко А.Г., 20262026Смольникова М.В., Афоничева К.В., Милейко А.Г.Smolnikova M.V., Afonicheva K.V., Mileyko A.G.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/5232

Несмотря на значительные успехи в исследованиях молекулярных механизмов бронхиальной астмы (БА), остаются малоизученными популяционно-генетические особенности, особенно в мультиэтнических регионах России. Актуальность изучения патогенеза астмы определяется необходимостью выявления этноспецифичных генетических маркеров для совершенствования подходов к персонифицированному прогнозированию риска развития и тяжести течения БА. Целью работы был сравнительный анализ гаплотипических комбинаций в генах IL13 (rs20541, rs1800925, rs1295686) и ADAM33 (rs2280090, rs2787094, rs44707) между этническими группами для выявления потенциальных популяционно-специфичных генетических маркеров в локусах, ассоциированных с БА. В исследовании приняли участие 524 подростка в возрасте от 12 до 18 лет из Красноярска, Кызыла и Абакана, с верифицированной национальной принадлежностью (русские – 293, тувинцы – 158, хакасы – 73). ДНК выделяли из образцов слюны с последующим генотипированием полиморфных локусов генов IL13 (rs20541, rs1800925, rs1295686) и ADAM33 (rs2280090, rs2787094, rs44707) методом ПЦР в реальном времени. Установлено, что у русских редкие варианты полиморфизмов IL13 встречаются чаще по сравнению с тувинцами и хакасами. У хакасов и тувинцев в два-три раза чаще относительно русских встречается гаплотип ATC IL13. В русской популяции значимо чаще выявлялся гаплотип GAC гена ADAM33, содержащий редкие аллели всех исследованных полиморфизмов. Полученные данные подчеркивают актуальность анализа гаплотипов и важность учета этногеографических особенностей при оценке генетических рисков развития БА.

Bronchial asthma (BA) is a heterogeneous disease, the development of which is determined by a complex interaction of genetic factors and environmental factors. Despite significant progress in understanding the molecular mechanisms of the disease, population-specific genetic characteristics, especially in multi-ethnic regions of Russia, remain understudied. The relevance of this study is determined by the need to identify ethnicity-specific genetic markers to improve approaches for personalized prediction of the risk of developing BA and its severity. The aim of the work was to conduct a comparative analysis of haplotypic combinations in the IL13 (rs20541, rs1800925, rs1295686) and ADAM33 (rs2280090, rs2787094, rs44707) genes between ethnic groups to identify potential population-specific genetic markers at BA-associated loci. The study involved 524 adolescents aged 12 to 18 years from Krasnoyarsk, Kyzyl and Abakan with verified ethnicity (Slavs – 293, Tuvans – 158, Khakass – 73). DNA was isolated from saliva samples followed by genotyping of polymorphic loci of the IL13 (rs20541, rs1800925, rs1295686) and ADAM33 (rs2280090, rs2787094, rs44707) genes using real-time PCR. It was found that rare variants of IL13 polymorphisms were more common in Russians than in Tuvans and the Khakass. The ATC haplotype of IL13 is 2–3 times more common among the Khakass and Tuvans than in Russians. In the Russian population, the GAC haplotype of the ADAM33 gene, containing rare alleles of all the polymorphisms studied, is detected significantly more often. The data obtained emphasize the relevance of haplotype analysis and the importance of taking into account ethnogeographical features when assessing the genetic risks of BA.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.