References

vavilov

Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции

Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding

2500-3259

Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS

10.18699/VJ16.113

vavilov-527

Research Article

Функциональная генетика и генотоксикология. ОБЗОР

Functional genetics and genotoxicology. REVIEW

Оценка мутагенности химических соединений, физических факторов и неидентифицированных компонентов загрязнения окружающей среды методом соматических мозаиков на клетках крыла Drosophila melanogaster

Determination of mutagenicity of chemical compounds, physical factors and environmental pollutants by the Drosophila melanogaster wing somatic mutation and recombination test

Захаренко

Л. П.

Zakharenko

L. P.

zakharlp@bionet.nsc.ru

Захаров

И. К.

Zakharov

I. K.

Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук», Новосибирск, Россия Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Новосибирский национальный исследовательский государственный университет», Новосибирск, РоссияРоссияInstitute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, RussiaRussian Federation

2016

12032016

2017277

2016

Захаренко Л.П., Захаров И.К.

Zakharenko L.P., Zakharov I.K.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/527

В статье описан соматический мутационный и рекомбинационный тест (Somatic Mutation and Recombination Test, SMART) на клетках крыла Drosophila melanogaster, который может быть использован для оценки влияния на геном различных факторов: физических (температура, разные типы радиоактивного излучения, электромагнитные поля), биогенных (генетические, физиологические, инфекционные) и широкого спектра химических соединений. Метод SMART используется как вариант метода in vivo при оценке мутагенных и промутагенных свойств пищевых добавок и продуктов, при скрининге потенциальных лекарственных и косметических препаратов, поллютантов окружающей среды. В основе метода лежит действие изучаемого агента на геном активно делящихся клеток крылового имагинального диска личинки, гетерозиготной по рецессивным мутациям, маркирующим клетку крыла. Мутации локализованы на левом плече хромосомы 3 – multi wing hairs (mwh; 3 – 0,3) и flare (flr; 3 – 38,8), что позволяет выявлять у гетерозигот по этим локусам как мутационные, так и рекомбинационные события. Крыло Drosophila melanogaster содержит 24 400 клеток, расположенных в два слоя, и в норме каждая клетка крыла имеет одну ворсинку. Рекомбинационное или мутационное событие в клетке приводит к образованию мутантных пятен / клонов, видимых при микроскопическом анализе поверхности крыловой пластинки. Наряду с тем, что в основе системы детоксикации дрозофилы и млекопитающих лежит действие цитохрома Р450, к достоинствам метода SMART относится существование модификаций теста с повышенным уровнем экспрессии цитохрома Р450, позволяющих более надежно экстраполировать результаты тестирования на млекопитающих. Подробные рекомендации по использованию метода SMART на клетках крыла Drosophila melanogaster, представленные в работе, могут применяться как методическое пособие в практике и учебных целях.

A somatic mutation and recombination test (SMART) on the wing cells of Drosophila melanogaster is described in this article in detail. SMART can be used to evaluate the effect of various factors on the genome: physical (temperature, various types of radiation, electromagnetic fields), biogenic (genetic, physiological, infectious factors) and a wide range of chemical compounds. SMART is used as an in vivo version of the method for evaluating promutagenic and mutagenic properties of food, food supplements, potential drugs and cosmetics, and environmental pollutants. The method is based on the influence of the agents under study on the dividing cells of the wing imaginal discs of larvae heterozygous for recessive mutations, marking the wing cells. The mutations, multi wing hairs (mwh; 3 – 0.3) and flare (flr; 3 – 38.8), are located on the left arm of chromosome 3. The Drosophila melanogaster wing contains 24,400 cells arranged in two layers. Each normal cell has only one wing fiber. Recombination or mutational events in the cell leads to the formation of mutant spots/clones visible by microscopic analysis of the wing surface. The Drosophila and mammalian detoxication system is arranged on similar principles, which are based on the action of cytochrome P450. There are modifications to SMART, based on elevated cytochrome P450 expression, allowing more reliable extrapolation of the test results to mammals. Detailed recommendations for the use of the SMART method on the wing cells of Drosophila melanogaster presented in the paper can be used as a textbook in practice and for training purposes.

SMARTmwhflrсоматический мутагенезDrosophila melanogaster

SMARTmwhflrsomatic mutagenesisDrosophila melanogaster

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.