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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/VJ16.112</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-528</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Функциональная генетика и генотоксикология. ОРИГИНАЛЬНОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Functional genetics and genotoxicology. ORIGINAL ARTICLE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Моделирование генетических процессов формирования резистентности к фипронилу в популяциях колорадского жука (Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Modeling of genetic processes underlying the development of resistance to fipronil in the Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Китаев</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kitaev</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">cordek@ya.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Марданшин</surname><given-names>И. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mardanshin</surname><given-names>I. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сурина</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Surina</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Леонтьева</surname><given-names>Т. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Leontieva</surname><given-names>T. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Удалов</surname><given-names>М. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Udalov</surname><given-names>M. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Беньковская</surname><given-names>Г. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Benkovskaya</surname><given-names>G. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт биохимии и генетики Уфимского научного центра Российской академии наук,&#13;
Уфа, Россия<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics USC RAS, Ufa, Russia<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Башкирский научно-исследовательский институт сельского хозяйства», Уфа, Россия<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Bashkirian Institute of Agriculture, Ufa, Russia<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования Башкирский государственный аграрный университет, Уфа, Россия<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Bashkir State Agrarian University, Ufa, Russia<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>03</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>78</fpage><lpage>86</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Китаев К.А., Марданшин И.С., Сурина Е.В., Леонтьева Т.Л., Удалов М.Б., Беньковская Г.В., 2016</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Китаев К.А., Марданшин И.С., Сурина Е.В., Леонтьева Т.Л., Удалов М.Б., Беньковская Г.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kitaev K.A., Mardanshin I.S., Surina E.V., Leontieva T.I., Udalov M.B., Benkovskaya G.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/528">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/528</self-uri><abstract><p>Основным способом контроля численности вредителей остается обработка химическими инсектицидами. Эффективность применения инсектицидов снижается из-за формирования резистентности в популяциях вредителей. Это особенно актуальная проблема при борьбе с колорадским жуком. Для замедления развития устойчивости к химическим препаратам предлагаются разные стратегии применения инсектицидов. На основе данных комплексного многолетнего исследования нами была предложена гипотеза замедления развития устойчивости за счет применения пониженных доз инсектицидов. Мы построили прогностическую дискретную генетическую модель развития устойчивости в популяциях колорадского жука для проверки нашей гипотезы. Модель, основанная на классических уравнениях популяционной генетики, была дополнена действием различных факторов. Расчеты коэффициентов выживаемости особей колорадского жука велись с учетом статистических закономерностей распределения дозы токсического вещества после обработок инсектицидами. Используя логнормальное распределение, мы рассчитали коэффициенты выживаемости разных генотипов при изменении дозы обработки инсектицидами в два и более раз. Дополнительно ввели в модель фактор дифференцированной смертности во время зимовки. Использование данных об изменении соотношения встречаемости фенетических маркеров неспецифической устойчивости к факторам среды позволило провести расчеты модели с опосредованными межгенными взаимодействиями. На данной модели были проверены различные гипотезы в разработке стратегии преодоления резистентности. Расчеты показали, что применение минимально эффективных доз инсектицидов (пониженных доз) приводит к замедлению увеличения доли резистентных особей в популяциях колорадского жука на пару сезонов. При чередовании применения инсектицидов из разных химических классов устойчивость развивается гораздо медленнее. Наиболее оптимальной стратегией являются межсезонное чередование применения инсектицидов разных химических классов и обработка пониженными дозами.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The main method of pest control is by applying chemical insecticides. The efficacy of insecticides is reduced due to the development of resistance by pest populations. This is an especially important problem with the Colorado potato beetle. There are different strategies for the use of insecticides to slow the development of resistance. Based on long lasing research, we propose a hypothesis about delaying the development of resistance by applying insecticides at low doses. To test this hypothesis, we have built predictive discrete genetic models of resistance in Colorado potato beetle populations. The model based on the classical equations of population genetics has been supplemented by various factors. Calculations of the survival rates of Colorado potato beetle individuals were carried out taking into account the statistical regularities of the distribution of the toxic substance after treatment by insecticides. We have calculated the survival rates of different genotypes using a lognormal distribution after changing the insecticide dose two-fold or more. The factor of differentiated mortality during the winter was additionally introduced into the model. The use of phenetic markers of nonspecific resistance to environmental factors allowed us to compute the model with mediated intergenic interactions. Various hypotheses about strategies in overcoming resistance have been tested using this model. Calculations demonstrated that the use of insecticides at minimum effective doses (low dose) leads to a slower increase in the proportion of resistant individuals in populations of the Colorado potato beetle for two seasons. Resistance develops much more slowly following alternate treatment with insecticides from different chemical classes. The best strategy is through off-season treatment with insecticides of different chemical classes at lower doses. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>защита картофеля</kwd><kwd>резистентность к инсектицидам</kwd><kwd>пониженная доза инсектицида</kwd><kwd>фипронил</kwd><kwd>генетическое моделирование</kwd><kwd>популяция</kwd><kwd>колорадский жук</kwd><kwd>Leptinotarsa decemlineata</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>protection of potato resistance against insecticides</kwd><kwd>insecticides at low doses</kwd><kwd>fipronil</kwd><kwd>genetic modeling</kwd><kwd>population</kwd><kwd>Colorado potato beetle</kwd><kwd>Leptinotarsa decemlineata</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Алтухов Ю.П., Салменкова Е.А., Курбатова О.Л., Политов Д.В., Евсюков А.Н., Жукова О.В., Захаров И.А., Моисеева И.Г., Столповский Ю.А., Пухальский В.А., Поморцев А.А., Упелниек В.П., Калабушкин Б.А. 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