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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/vjgb-26-92</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-5299</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГЕНЕТИКА ЖИВОТНЫХ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ANIMAL GENETICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние мутантных генов APP и PSEN1 на асимметрию гиппокампа у мышей 5xFAD - трансгенной модели болезни Альцгеймера</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The influence of mutant genes APP and PSEN1 on hippocampal asymmetry in 5xFAD mice, transgenic model of Alzheimer disease</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Брусенцев</surname><given-names>Е. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Brusentsev</surname><given-names>E. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рожкова</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rozhkova</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Козенева</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozeneva</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чекашов</surname><given-names>И. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chekashov</surname><given-names>I. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рахманова</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rakhmanova</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шевелев</surname><given-names>О. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shevelev</surname><given-names>O. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Амстиславский</surname><given-names>С. Я.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Amstislavsky</surname><given-names>S. Ya.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">amstis@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук;&#13;
Новосибирский национальный исследовательский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences;&#13;
Novosibirsk State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>10</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>30</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>908</fpage><lpage>920</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Брусенцев Е.Ю., Рожкова И.Н., Козенева В.С., Чекашов И.Д., Рахманова Т.А., Шевелев О.Б., Амстиславский С.Я., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Брусенцев Е.Ю., Рожкова И.Н., Козенева В.С., Чекашов И.Д., Рахманова Т.А., Шевелев О.Б., Амстиславский С.Я.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Brusentsev E.Y., Rozhkova I.N., Kozeneva V.S., Chekashov I.D., Rakhmanova T.A., Shevelev O.B., Amstislavsky S.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/5299">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/5299</self-uri><abstract><p>Болезнь Альцгеймера (БА) – возрастная нейродегенеративная патология, а также одна из главных причин деменции с расстройством памяти и когнитивных функций. Важнейшую роль в процессе обучения и кодирования памяти играет зубчатая извилина гиппокампа (dentate gyrus, DG), которая подвергается существенным изменениям при БА. Для изучения механизмов, лежащих в основе БА, тестирования новых терапевтических средств создают модели этой патологии на мышах. Одной из наиболее популярных и актуальных моделей для исследования БА является трансгенная линия мышей 5xFAD c мутантными генами человека, а именно предшественника бета-амилоида (APP) и пресенилина-1 (PSEN1). Целью данной работы стало исследование влияния мутантных трансгенов APP и PSEN1 на микроструктуру DG гиппокампа у гетерозиготных самцов мышей трансгенной линии 5xFAD в возрасте 6 месяцев при помощи магнитно-резонансной томографии с диффузионно-тензорной визуализацией в сочетании с иммуногистохимическим анализом. Особый акцент был сделан и на оценке асимметрии гиппокампа, что ранее на мышах 5xFAD не исследовали. В DG гиппокампа обоих полушарий самцов мышей 5xFAD выявлены повышенное содержание бета-амилоида по сравнению с контрольной группой дикого типа в сочетании с более высокой плотностью микроглии, но отсутствие различий по уровню нейрогенеза. Наряду с этим обнаружена асимметрия гиппокампа у самцов мышей 5xFAD, проявляющаяся в увеличении объема правого гиппокампа и снижении уровня фракционной анизотропии в DG правого гиппокампа, а также в уменьшении плотности нейронов в DG с левой стороны по сравнению с диким типом. Исходя из полученных нами результатов, можно сделать заключение, что мутантные гены APP и PSEN1 человека вызывают изменение в DG гиппокампа, что может открыть новые возможности ранней диагностики болезни Альцгеймера. Выявленные нами изменения объема гиппокампа и его асимметрия могут стать важными биомаркерами, характеризующими данную патологию.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an age-related neurodegenerative pathology and one of the primary causes of dementia associated with memory and cognitive impairment. The dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus plays a crucial role in learning and memory encoding, and it undergoes significant changes in AD. To study the underlying mechanisms of AD and to test new therapeutic agents, mouse models of this pathology are developed. One of the most popular and relevant models for AD research is the 5xFAD transgenic mouse strain carrying mutant human genes, specifically: amyloid beta precursor protein (APP) and presenilin-1 (PSEN1). The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of mutant APP and PSEN1 transgenes on the microstructure of the hippocampal DG in six-month-old heterozygous male 5xFAD transgenic mice using diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging (DTI-MRI) combined with immunohistochemical analysis. A special emphasis was placed on assessing hippocampal asymmetry, which had not been previously investigated in 5xFAD mice. In the hippocampal DG of both hemispheres in male 5xFAD mice, an elevated level of betaamyloid was detected compared to the wild-type control group, combined with a higher density of microglia, but no differences were found in the level of neurogenesis. Along with this, hippocampal asymmetry was discovered in male 5xFAD mice, manifesting as an increased volume of the right hippocampus, a decreased level of fractional anisotropy in the right hippocampal DG, and a reduced neuron density in the left DG compared to the wild-type. Based on our results, it can be concluded that mutant human APP and PSEN1 genes cause alterations in the hippocampal DG, which may open new possibilities for the early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease. The identified changes in hippocampal volume and its asymmetry could become important biomarkers characterizing this pathology.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>болезнь Альцгеймера</kwd><kwd>трансгенные мыши 5xFAD</kwd><kwd>гены APP и PSEN1</kwd><kwd>гиппокамп</kwd><kwd>зубчатая извилина</kwd><kwd>диффузионно-тензорная визуализация</kwd><kwd>иммуногистохимия</kwd><kwd>нейровоспаление</kwd><kwd>бета-амилоид</kwd><kwd>нейрогенез</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Alzheimer’s disease</kwd><kwd>5xFAD transgenic mice</kwd><kwd>AAPP and PSEN1 genes</kwd><kwd>hippocampus</kwd><kwd>dentate gyrus</kwd><kwd>diffusion tensor imaging</kwd><kwd>immunohistochemistry</kwd><kwd>neuroinflammation</kwd><kwd>beta-amyloid</kwd><kwd>neurogenesis</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (RSF) No. 25-24-00153</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Adlard P.A., Tran B.A., Finkelstein D.I., Desmond P.M., Johnston L.A., Bush A.I., Egan G.F. 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