vavilovВавиловский журнал генетики и селекцииVavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding2500-3259Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS10.18699/vjgb-26-96vavilov-5304Research ArticleПАЛЕОГЕНЕТИКАPALEOGENETICSГенетический анализ представителя воинской знати из могильника черняховской культуры Дальний (Выдрин) в Курской областиGenetic analysis of a representative of the military nobility from the Dal’niy (Vydrin) burial ground of the Chernyakhov culture in the Kursk regionРождественскихЕ. В.RozhdestvenskikhE. V.

Федеральная территория «Сириус», Краснодарский край

Sirius Federal Territory, Krasnodar region

АндрееваТ. В.AndreevaT. V.

Федеральная территория «Сириус», Краснодарский край, Москва

Sirius Federal Territory, Krasnodar region, Moscow

andreeva@rogaevlab.ruКунижеваС. С.KunizhevaS. S.

Федеральная территория «Сириус», Краснодарский край, Москва

Sirius Federal Territory, Krasnodar region, Moscow

МанаховА. Д.ManakhovA. D.

Федеральная территория «Сириус», Краснодарский край, Москва

Sirius Federal Territory, Krasnodar region, Moscow

ГашеваМ. С.GashevaM. S.

Федеральная территория «Сириус», Краснодарский край

Sirius Federal Territory, Krasnodar region

РадюшО. А.RadyushO. A.

Москва

Moscow

РешетоваИ. К.ReshetovaI. K.

Москва

Moscow

ДобровольскаяМ. В.DobrovolskayaM. V.

Москва

Moscow

РогаевЕ. И.RogaevE. I.

Шрусбери

Shrewsbury

evivrecc@gmail.comНаучно-технологический университет «Сириус»РоссияSirius University of Science and Technology, Sirius Federal TerritoryRussian FederationНаучно-технологический университет «Сириус»; Институт общей генетики им. Н.И. Вавилова Российской академии наук; Центр генетики и генетических технологий, биологический факультет МГУ им. М.В. ЛомоносоваРоссияSirius University of Science and Technology, Sirius Federal Territory; Vavilov Institute of General Genetics of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Centre of Genetics and Genetic Technologies, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityRussian FederationНаучно-технологический университет «Сириус»; Институт общей генетики им. Н.И. Вавилова Российской академии наукРоссияSirius University of Science and Technology, Sirius Federal Territory; Vavilov Institute of General Genetics of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian FederationИнститут археологии Российской академии наукРоссияInstitute of Archaeology of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian FederationМедицинская школа Чан Массачусетского университета, департамент психиатрииСоединённые Штаты АмерикиUMass Chan Medical School, Department of PsychiatryUnited States202613102026306955963Copyright © Рождественских Е.В., Андреева Т.В., Кунижева С.С., Манахов А.Д., Гашева М.С., Радюш О.А., Решетова И.К., Добровольская М.В., Рогаев Е.И., 20262026Рождественских Е.В., Андреева Т.В., Кунижева С.С., Манахов А.Д., Гашева М.С., Радюш О.А., Решетова И.К., Добровольская М.В., Рогаев Е.И.Rozhdestvenskikh E.V., Andreeva T.V., Kunizheva S.S., Manakhov A.D., Gasheva M.S., Radyush O.A., Reshetova I.K., Dobrovolskaya M.V., Rogaev E.I.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/5304

В позднеримский период на территории Восточной Европы происходит обострение военнополитической обстановки как на границе Рима (Римской империи) и Барбарикума, так и внутри них. Значительную роль в динамике этих процессов играла черняховская культурная общность, формирование которой, согласно историко-археологическим данным, происходило при активном участии германских племен, продвинувшихся в этот регион с Северо-Запада Европы, причерноморского оседлого и отчасти степного кочевого населения. Погребальный обряд черняховской культуры предполагает крайне редкое помещение оружия, предположительно, только в могилы представителей воинской знати. В связи с чем антропологический материал из подобных погребений является ценным объектом для археогенетических исследований, позволяющим понять генетическое происхождение представителей воинской элиты черняховского общества. В данной работе мы впервые представляем результаты полногеномного анализа представителя воинской элиты из статусного захоронения черняховской культуры на могильнике Дальний (Выдрин), расположенного на северной границе ареала черняховской культуры. Совокупность археологических данных и проведенного ранее антропологического анализа указывает на то, что погребенный индивид принадлежал к воинской знати периода позднечерняховской культуры, который датируется концом IV в. н. э. С использованием масштабного параллельного секвенирования были определены полногеномные последовательности этого индивида. Показана принадлежность индивида к мужскому полу. Анализ однородительских маркеров свидетельствует о европейском происхождении материнской и отцовской линий исследованного мужчины. На основе анализа аутосомных маркеров мы впервые продемонстрировали генетическую связь этого индивида, представляющего воинское сословие черняховской культуры, с представителями кочевых степных групп: скифов, сарматов и авар. Полученные результаты вносят вклад в понимание сложной картины межэтнических контактов, лежавших в основе формирования населения полиэтничной черняховской общности.

During the late Roman period, the military and political conditions in Eastern Europe declined both along the frontier between the Roman Empire and Barbaricum and within those territories. The Chernyakhov culture played an important role in the dynamics of these events. According to historical and archaeological evidence, this society was formed by Germanic tribes that had moved into the region from northwestern Europe, as well as a nomadic population of the steppes. The Chernyakhov culture’s funerary traditions included the placement of weapons, most likely solely in the graves of military nobles. In this context, human remains from these burials serve as a unique resource for archaeogenetic studies, enabling insights into the genetic origins of the military aristocracy within the Chernyakhov culture. In this paper, we present the results of a whole-genome analysis of a member of the military elite from a status burial of the Chernyakhov culture at the Dal’niy (Vydrin) burial ground, located on the northern border of the Chernyakhov culture area. According to archaeological data and previous anthropological analysis, the buried individual belonged to the military nobility of the late Chernyakhov culture, which lasted from the fourth to fifth centuries AD. The whole-genome sequences of this individual were generated by large-scale parallel sequencing. The individual was shown to be male. Analysis of haplogroup markers indicated the European origin of maternal and paternal lineages. The examination of autosomal markers clearly indicated a genetic link between this individual, associated with the warrior class of the Chernyakhov culture, and members of nomadic steppe groups, specifically the Scythians, Sarmatians, and Avars. The results contribute to our understanding of the complex picture of interethnic contacts that created the basis for the formation of the polyethnic Chernyakhov culture.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.