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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/VJ16.146</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-587</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Экспрессия ключевых генов физиологических функций. ОРИГИНАЛЬНОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Expression of genes crucial for physiological functions. ORIGINAL ARTICLE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Функциональное состояние нигростриатной системы крыс линии Крушинского – Молодкиной в ходе аудиогенных судорог</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Functional state of the nigrostriatal system of Krushinsky – Molodkina rats during audiogenic seizure expression</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дорофеева</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dorofeeva</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никитина</surname><given-names>Л. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikitina</surname><given-names>L. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зосен</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zosen</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Глазова</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Glazova</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черниговская</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernigovskaya</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">chern755@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт эволюционной физиологии и биохимии им. И.М. Сеченова Российской академии наук, Санкт-Петербург, Россия<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology &#13;
and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint- Petersburg, Russia<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>05</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>204</fpage><lpage>211</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Дорофеева Н.А., Никитина Л.С., Зосен Д.В., Глазова М.В., Черниговская Е.В., 2016</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Дорофеева Н.А., Никитина Л.С., Зосен Д.В., Глазова М.В., Черниговская Е.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Dorofeeva N.A., Nikitina L.S., Zosen D.V., Glazova M.V., Chernigovskaya E.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/587">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/587</self-uri><abstract><p>Нейрохимические механизмы запуска и реализации судорожного припадка при эпилепсии в настоящее время остаются мало изученными и практически нет работ, оценивающих состояние нейромедиаторных систем на ранних этапах судорожных припадков на генетических моделях животных с повышенной судорожной готовностью. Было проведено исследование роли ERK1/2 киназ (extracellular signal-regulated kinase) в регуляции активности глутамат-, ГАМК- и дофаминергических нейронов нигростриатной системы крыс линии Крушинского – Молодкиной на клонико-тонической стадии и на стадии атаксии аудиогенного судорожного припадка. Показано, что при предъявлении крысам линии Крушинского – Молодкиной специфического звукового раздражителя происходит увеличение активности ERK1/2 киназ в стриатуме и в черной субстанции по сравнению с интактными крысами Крушинского – Молодкиной, что сопровождается усилением активности Synapsin 1. В результате активации экзоцитоза усиливается выброс глутамата в стриатуме, что приводит к инициации судорог. Однако на стадии клонико-тонических стадий в стриатуме мы выявили ряд изменений, приводящих к остановке судорожного припадка. Повышение фосфорилирования тирозингидроксилазы в компактной части черной субстанции за счет усиления активности ERK1/2 киназ приводит к интенсивному выбросу дофамина в стриатуме. При этом происходит увеличение содержания D2- и снижение D1-рецепторов, что указывает на ослабление D1 (проэпилептического) и активации D2 (антиэпилептического) зависимых путей регуляции ГАМК-ергических нейронов черной субстанции. Мы показали увеличение содержания ферментов синтеза ГАМК в ретикулярной части черной субстанции, что, возможно, приводит к ингибированию глутаматергических нейронов таламуса и является одним из механизмов торможения судорожной активности на стадии атаксии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Neurochemical mechanisms of initiation and expression of epileptic seizures are poorly explored, and there are no published data that could demonstrate the functional state of the neuromediator systems at the initial state of seizure in the animals genetically prone to seizure. In the current work, we studied the role of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) in the regulation of the nigrostriatal glutamate, GABA and dopamine neurons of Krushinsky – Molodkina rats at clonus-tonus and ataxia stages of audiogenic seizure. We demonstrated upregulation of ERK1/2 activity upon audio stimulation which was accompanied by increased activation of Synapsin I in the striatum and substantia nigra in comparison to intact Krushinsky – Molodkina rats. The observed exocytosis activation led to secretion of glutamate in the striatum and, as a result, to stimulation of seizures. However, at clonus-tonus stage in the striatum we revealed the changes that could participate in further inhibition of seizure activity, such as increased phosphorylation of tyrosine hydroxylase upon increased ERK1/2 activity followed by activation of dopamine release in the pars compacta of the substantia nigra. At the same time, enhanced D2 and increased D1 dopamine receptor contents were observed. These data revealed attenuation of direct (pro-seizure) and indirect (anti-seizure) pathways of the regulation of the substantia nigra GABA neurons. We demonstrated activation of GABA in the substantia nigra pars reticulate, which probably results in the inhibition of glutamate neurons of the thalamus and could be one of the mechanisms inhibiting seizure activity during ataxia.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>крысы Крушинского – Молодкиной</kwd><kwd>иммуногистохимия</kwd><kwd>Вестерн блотинг</kwd><kwd>нигростриатная система</kwd><kwd>дофаминергические нейроны</kwd><kwd>D2- и D1-рецепторы дофамина</kwd><kwd>ERK1/2</kwd><kwd>глутамат</kwd><kwd>ГАМК</kwd><kwd>Synapsin 1</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Krushinsky–Molodkina rats</kwd><kwd>immunohistochemistry</kwd><kwd>Western blot</kwd><kwd>nigrostriatal bundle</kwd><kwd>dopamine neurons</kwd><kwd>D1 and D2 dopamine receptors</kwd><kwd>ERK1/2</kwd><kwd>glutamate</kwd><kwd>GABA</kwd><kwd>Synapsin 1</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Крушинский Л.В. 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