vavilovВавиловский журнал генетики и селекцииVavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding2500-3259Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS10.18699/VJ16.122vavilov-638Research ArticleСелекция растений на иммунитет и продуктивностьPlant breeding for immunity and performanceОтбор перспективных генотипов яблони на колонновидность и устойчивость к парше с помощью диагностических ДНК-маркеровSelection of promising apple genotypes for columnar growth habit and scab resistance using diagnostic DNA markersСавельевН. И.Savel’evN. I.

Мичуринск

Michurinsk

ЛыжинА. С.LyzhinA. S.

Мичуринск

Michurinsk

Ranenburzhetc@yandex.ruСавельеваН. Н.Savel’evaN. N.

Мичуринск

Michurinsk

Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт генетики и селекции плодовых растений им. И.В. МичуринаРоссияI.V. Michurin All-Russian Scientific Institute for Genetic and Breeding of Fruit PlantsRussian Federation201613082016203329332Copyright © Савельев Н.И., Лыжин А.С., Савельева Н.Н., 20162016Савельев Н.И., Лыжин А.С., Савельева Н.Н.Savel’ev N.I., Lyzhin A.S., Savel’eva N.N.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/638

Моногенная устойчивость к парше и колонновидный габитус кроны являются важными селекционными признаками яблони. Использование молекулярных маркеров позволяет с высокой надежностью на ранних этапах онтогенеза определить присутствие необходимых генов в геноме и сократить время селекционного процесса. Целью настоящего исследования являлось молекулярно-генетическое тестирование исходных форм и гибридных сеянцев яблони для идентификации носителей целевых аллелей генов моногенной устойчивости к парше (Rvi6) и колонновидного габитуса кроны (Co), а также уточнение характера наследования генов Со и Rvi6 в гибрид- ном потомстве. Представлены результаты молекулярно-генетического анализа сортов Валюта, Успенское, Белорусское сладкое и сеянцев гибридных семей Валюта×Успенское, Валюта×Белорусское сладкое по генам колонновидного габитуса кроны (Co) и устойчивости к парше (Rvi6). Присутствие доминантного аллеля гена Co диагностировали с помощью праймеров 29f1 и JWI1r, фланкирующих с 5’-конца инсерцию в окологенной области локуса Co колонновидных генотипов, аллельное состояние гена Rvi6 определяли с помощью диагностического ДНК-маркера AL07-SCAR, картированного на расстоянии около 0,2 сМ от гена. Определено соотношение частот наследования аллельных состояний указанных генов. В комбинации скрещивания Валюта×Успенское количество колонновидных генотипов составило 48,1 %, обладающих иммунитетом к парше – 77,8 %; в комбинации скрещивания Валюта×Белорусское сладкое – 46,8 и 68,0 % соответственно, что согласуется с теоретически ожидаемым расщеплением по признаку колонновидности 1:1, по устойчивости к парше – 3:1. Проанализировано совместное наследование признаков колонновидного габитуса кроны и моногенной устойчивости к парше. Идентифицированы гибридные сеянцы, совмещающие в геноме доминантный аллель гена Co с геном Rvi6 в доминантном гомозиготном состоянии (Rvi6Rvi6), что позволит значительно интенсифицировать селекционный процесс, обеспечивая получение 100 % сеянцев с моногенной устойчивостью к парше и до 50 % – с колонновидным габитусом кроны.

Monogenic scab resistance and columnar growth habit are important breeding traits of apple. The use of molecular markers very accurately determines the presence of necessary genes in the genome early during ontogenesis and reduces the time of selection. The purpose of this study was molecular genetic testing of initial forms of apple and hybrid seedlings of apple to identify carriers of the target alleles of genes for monogenic scab resistance (Rvi6) and columnar growth habit (Co) and the clarification of the pattern of inheritance of the Co and Rvi6 genes in hybrid progeny populations. This paper presents the results of molecular genetic analysis of varieties Valuta, Uspenskoe, Belarusskoe sladkoe and seedlings of the Valuta×Uspenskoe and Valuta×Belarusskoe sladkoe hybrid families for genes controlling columnar growth habit (Co) and scab resistance (Rvi6). The presence of the dominant allele of the Co gene was diagnosed with primers 29f1 and JWI1r flanking the 5’-end of the insert at the Co locus controlling columnar genotypes. Allelic status of the Rvi6 gene was determined with the AL07-SCAR marker mapping at about 0.2 cM from the Rvi6 locus. The correlation frequency of inheritance of the allelic states of these genes has been determined. Valuta×Uspenskoe crosse yielded 48.1 % columnar genotypes and 77.8 % scab-immune genotypes; Valuta×Belarusskoe sladkoe crosses, 46.8 % and 68.0 %, respectively. The observed segregation conforms to the expected Mendelian ratios: 1:1 for columnar habit and 3:1 for scab resistance. The joint inheritance of columnar growth habit and monogenic resistance to scab has been analyzed. The hybrid seedlings that had the dominant Co allele together with the Rvi6 gene in the homozygous dominant state (Rvi6 Rvi6) in their genome have been identified, which can significantly intensify the selection process and run it into 100 % of hybrid seedlings with monogenic scab resistance and up to 50 % of genotypes with columnar growth habit.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.