vavilovВавиловский журнал генетики и селекцииVavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding2500-3259Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS10.18699/VJ16.099vavilov-642Research ArticleСелекция растений на симбиотические свойства. ОРИГИНАЛЬНОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕPlant breeding for symbiotic properties. ORIGINAL ARTICLEИзучение нодуляции и азотфиксации у двух сортов вигны [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] при инокуляции разными штаммами ризобий (Bradyrhizobium sp.)Study of nodulation and nitrogen fixation in two cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] cultivars inoculated with different strains of Bradyrhizobium sp.ФотевЮ. В.FotevYu. V.

Новосибирск

Novosibirsk

fotev_2009@ngs.ruСидороваК. К.SidorovaK. K.

Новосибирск

Novosibirsk

НовиковаТ. И.NovikovaT. I.

Новосибирск

Novosibirsk

БелоусоваВ. П.BelousovaV. P.

Новосибирск

Novosibirsk

Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Центральный сибирский ботанический сад СО РАНРоссияCentral Siberian Botanical Garden SB RASRussian FederationФедеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук»РоссияInstitute of Cytology and Genetics SB RASRussian Federation201614082016203348354Copyright © Фотев Ю.В., Сидорова К.К., Новикова Т.И., Белоусова В.П., 20162016Фотев Ю.В., Сидорова К.К., Новикова Т.И., Белоусова В.П.Fotev Y.V., Sidorova K.K., Novikova T.I., Belousova V.P.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/642

Вигна (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) – перспективная овощная бобовая культура, представляющая интерес для сельскохозяй­ ственного производства России. Изучено влияние инокуляции тремя штаммами Bradyrhizobium sp., полученными из коллек­ ции микроорганизмов ФГБНУ ВНИИСХМ (г. Санкт-Петербург), на нодуляционную способность и азотфиксацию у двух новых сортов вигны (Сибирский размер и Юньнаньская). Все штаммы формировали азотфиксирующие клубеньки на обоих сортах вигны. Установлены сортовые различия вигны по способности образовывать клубеньки и активно фиксировать азот при ис­ пользовании разных штаммов. У этих сортов выявлен высокий размах варьирования по нодуляционной способности: коли­ чество клубеньков в начале цветения на сорте Сибирский размер составляло 4–47 шт. на растение, а на сорте Юньнан­ ская – 17–117 шт. В контроле, без инокуляции, клубеньков не обнаружено. У сорта Сибирский размер максимальные зна­ чения массы клубеньков и азотфиксации (в начале цветения, через 48 дней после инокуляции) наблюдали при использо­ вании штамма 164 0503 (03) – 0,79 г и 5155,3 нмоль С2H4/раст./ч соответственно. У сорта Юньнаньская эти показатели соста­ вили 1,41 г и 5255,5 нмоль С2H4/раст./ч при инокуляции штаммом 162 0501 (01) и по азотфиксации – 4673,0 нмоль С2H4/ раст./ч при инокуляции штаммом 03. Выявлена положитель­ ная корреляция между активностью азотфиксации и массой клубеньков: r = 0,78 (p > 0,95). Полученные данные свидетель­ ствуют о том, что для образования эффективного симбиоза у сорта Сибирский размер перспективным является штамм 03 Bradyrhizobium sp., а у сорта Юньнаньская – штамм 01.

Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) is a vegetable legume with promise for agricultural production in Russia. The impact of inoculation with three strains of Bradyrhizobium sp. from the All Russian Institute of Agricultural Microbiology (St. Petersburg) on nodulation and nitrogen fixation on two cowpea cultivars, Sibirskiy razmer and Yunnanskaya, has been explored All the strains used made both cultivars produce nitrogen fixing nodules. Differences between the varieties in the ability to form nodules and fix nitrogen following exposure to the different strains have been identified. High variation of the nodulation ability of both cultivars has been observed: at the beginning of flowering, the number of nodules per plant was 4–47 in Sibirskiy razmer and 17–117 in Yunnanskaya. Uninoculated vigna roots used as the control did not form nodules. At the beginning of flowering (48 days after inoculation) Sibirskiy razmer plants inoculated with strain 164 0503 (03) had the highest nodule weight per plant (0.79 g) and N2 fixation rates (5155.3 nmol С2H4/plant/h). The corresponding measures in Yunnanskaya were 1.41 g and 5255.5 nmol С2H4/plant/h following exposure to strain 162 0501 (01) and 4673.0 nmol С2H4/plant/h following exposure to strain (03). Analysis showed a correlation between nitrogen fixation rate and nodule weight (pcs./plant), r = 0.78 (p > 0.95). Data obtained suggest that effective symbioses are achieved between Sibirskiy razmer and strain 03 as well as between Yunnanskaya and strain 01.

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