vavilovВавиловский журнал генетики и селекцииVavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding2500-3259Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS10.18699/VJ16.176vavilov-703Research ArticleАктуальные технологии генетики и селекции. ОРИГИНАЛЬНОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕCurrent technologies in genetics and breeding. ORIGINAL ARTICLEГенетическое разнообразие растений-регенерантов пшеницы (Triticum aestivum L.), созданных методом культуры пыльниковGenetic diversity of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plants-regenerants produced by anther cultureГраудаД.GraudaD.

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ЖагатаК.ŽagataK.

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ЛанкаГ.LankaG.

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СтраздиняВ.StrazdinaV.

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Stende

ФетереВ.FetereV.

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Stende

ЛисинаН.LisinaN.

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КрасневскаН.KrasnevskaN.

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ФокинаО.FokinaO.

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MикельсонеА.MikelsoneA.

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OрницансР.OrnicansR.

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БелогрудоваИ.BelogrudovaI.

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РашальИ.RashalI.

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izaks.rasals@lu.lvЛатвийский университет, Институт биологииЛатвияInstitute of Biology, University of LatviaLatviaСтендский исследовательский центр Института сельскохозяйственных ресурсов и экономики, Латвийский сельскохозяйственный университетЛатвияStende Research Centre of the Institute of Agricultural Resources and Economics, Latvian University of AgricultureLatvia201626092016204537544Copyright © Грауда Д., Жагата К., Ланка Г., Страздиня В., Фетере В., Лисина Н., Красневска Н., Фокина О., Mикельсоне А., Oрницанс Р., Белогрудова И., Рашаль И., 20162016Грауда Д., Жагата К., Ланка Г., Страздиня В., Фетере В., Лисина Н., Красневска Н., Фокина О., Mикельсоне А., Oрницанс Р., Белогрудова И., Рашаль И.Grauda D., Žagata K., Lanka G., Strazdina V., Fetere V., Lisina N., Krasnevska N., Fokina O., Mikelsone A., Ornicans R., Belogrudova I., Rashal I.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/703

Изучено генетическое разнообразие растений-регенерантов пшеницы (Triticum aestivum L.), которые созданы методом культуры пыльников из гибридов, используемых в селекции этой культуры в Латвии. Метод проточной цитометрии применяли для определения плоидности каждого зеленого растения-регенеранта. В свою очередь, универсальным iPBS (inter primer binding sites) методом, основанном на анализе характерных последовательностей ретротранспозонов, определяли генетическое разнообразие этих растений. Анализу подвергали потомство 13 гибридов различного происхождения. В листьях большинства растений были миксоплоидные клетки. Семена дали только растения, имеющие клетки с плоидностью 2n = 6x. Большинство фертильных растений содержало в листьях более чем 40 % гексаплоидных (6x) клеток. Доля гексаплоидных клеток и их распределение по плоидности зависели от генотипа материнского гибридного растения. Доля спонтанной диплоидизации также зависела от генотипа растения. В описываемом эксперименте колхицинирование не оказало достоверного влияния на выход фертильных растений. У одного гибридного растения обнаружена новая доминантная аллель, отсутствующая у обоих родителей, что указывает на возможное передвижение ретротранспозонов. Генетическое разнообразие растений-регенерантов, созданных методом культуры пыльников, вызвано как расщеплением родительских аллелей, так и сомаклональной изменчивостью.

The study of genetic diversity of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plants-regenerants produced by anther culture method from hybrids involved in the Latvian wheat breeding programme was performed. Flow cytometry was used to test ploidy of 3×103 cells of each green plantregenerant, and universal retrotransposon based iPBS (inter primer binding sites) method were used to establish genetic diversity of plants-regenerants. Progenies of 13 genetically distant hybrids were involved in the study. Most of plants-regenerants have leaves with mixoploid cells. Seeds were formed only by plants-regenerants that had cells with (2n = 6x) ploidy. Majority of fertile plantsregenerants have more than 40 % of hexaploid (6x) cells. The percentage of 6x cells in plants-regenerants and diversity in cell ploidy demonstrated association with mother plant (hybrid) genotype. Percent of spontaneous diplodization was also genotype-dependent. In this experiment colchicine treatment had no significant influence on outcome of fertile plants- regenerants. New dominant allele in a hybrid plant was found in comparison with both parents what indicated possible retrotransposon moving. Genetic diversity of the plants-regenerants obtained in anther culture is a combination of parent’s allele segregation and somaclonal variation.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.