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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/VJ16.192</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-846</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Геномика</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Genomics</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Определение числа копий эндогенных ретровирусов типа А у домашних свиней и диких кабанов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Determination of the copy numbers of type A porcine endogenous retroviruses in domestic pigs and wild boars</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Айтназаров</surname><given-names>Р. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aitnazarov</surname><given-names>R. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юдин</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yudin</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yudin@bionet.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кирильчук</surname><given-names>Р. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kiril’chuk</surname><given-names>R. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кочнев</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kochnev</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Князев</surname><given-names>С. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Knyazev</surname><given-names>S. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воевода</surname><given-names>М. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Voevoda</surname><given-names>M. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук»&#13;
&#13;
Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Новосибирский национальный исследовательский государственный университет»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS&#13;
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Novosibirsk State University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук»&#13;
&#13;
Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Новосибирский национальный исследовательский государственный университет»&#13;
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Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Научно- исследовательский институт терапии и профилактической медицины» Cибирского отделения Российской академии медицинских наук<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS&#13;
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Novosibirsk State University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Новосибирский национальный исследовательский государственный университет»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Novosibirsk State University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Новосибирский государственный аграрный университет»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Novosibirsk State Agrarian University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук»&#13;
&#13;
Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Новосибирский национальный исследовательский государственный университет»&#13;
&#13;
Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Научно- исследовательский институт терапии и профилактической медицины» Cибирского отделения Российской академии медицинских наук<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS&#13;
&#13;
Novosibirsk State University&#13;
&#13;
Research Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine SB RAMS<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>31</day><month>01</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>756</fpage><lpage>761</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Айтназаров Р.Б., Юдин Н.С., Кирильчук Р.С., Кочнев Н.Н., Князев С.П., Воевода М.И., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Айтназаров Р.Б., Юдин Н.С., Кирильчук Р.С., Кочнев Н.Н., Князев С.П., Воевода М.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Aitnazarov R.B., Yudin N.S., Kiril’chuk R.S., Kochnev N.N., Knyazev S.P., Voevoda M.I.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/846">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/846</self-uri><abstract><p>Современная трансплантология испытывает острейший недоста-ток в донорских органах. Для решения проблемы был предложен подход, основанный на использовании органов и тканей животных для пересадки человеку (ксенотрансплантация). Однако широкому развитию этого направления препятствует риск передачи человеку зоонозных инфекционных заболеваний. По эконо-мическим и этическим критериям, а также благодаря сходству по анатомическим и физиологическим параметрам, свинья является наиболее оптимальным источником органов для ксенотрансплантации. В геноме свиньи содержатся эндогенные ретровирусы (PERV) типа А которые могут инфицировать клеточные линии человека in vitro. Специально для биомедицинских целей, в том числе ксенотрансплантации, в Институте цитологии и генетики СО РАН была выведена селекционная группа сибирских миниатюрных свиней. Цель работы заключалась в анализе числа копий PERV A у сибирских миниатюрных свиней, пород-основателей ландрас и крупная белая, а также диких кабанов. Число копий PERV определяли методом абсолютного количественного анализа с использованием красителя SYBR Green. В качестве стандарта использовали образец с известным числом копий, который получали методом конечных разведений. Число копий PERV А в калибровочных образцах ДНК сибирских миниатюрных свиней составило 2.4, 3.6 и 4.9 копии PERV А на клетку, что хорошо совпадает с данными других авторов. Медиана числа копий PERV A на клетку составила 4.5 у сибирских миниатюрных свиней, 1.3 у ландрасов, 1.0 у представителей крупной белой породы и 0.8 у диких кабанов. Достоверные различия в числе копий ретровируса обнаружены между миниатюрными свиньями и дикими кабанами. Таким образом, геном сибирских миниатюрных свиней содержит значительное число копий потенциально патогенных для человека ретровирусов PERV типа А. Для ксенотрансплантации необходимо отбирать животных с наименьшим числом ретровирусов в геноме. Метод количественного определения числа копий PERV А с исполь-зованием красителя SYBR Green позволяет выявить таких животных и проводить селекцию сибирских миниатюрных свиней на уменьшение этого показателя.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Modern transplantology is in need of transplants. To solve this problem, the use of animal organs and tissues for grafting to humans (xenografts) has been proposed. However, the progress in this direction is hampered by the risk of zoogenous infection of recipients. With regard to economic and ethical criteria and to the anatomical and physiological similarity to humans, the pig is the best source of xenografts. The pig genome harbors type A porcine endogenous retroviruses (PERV), which can infect human cell lines in vitro. A population of Siberian minipigs was raised at the Institute of Cytology and Genetics just for xenografting. The goal of the present study is to analyze the copy numbers of PERV A in Siberian minipigs, their founder breeds Landrace and Large White, and wild boars. The copy numbers of PERVs have been determined by absolute measurement with SYBR Green dye. End-point dilutions of a sample with a known copy number have been used for reference. The PERV A copy numbers in standard samples of Siberian minipig DNA are 2.4, 3.6, and 4.9 per cell, which is consistent with data obtained by other scientists. Minipigs and wild boars show a significant difference in retrovirus copy numbers. Thus, the Siberian minipig genome has a considerable number of type A PERVs, conceivably pathogenic to humans. It is necessary to select animals with minimum PERV numbers in the genome for xenografting. The method of PERV A quantitation with SYBR Green allows detection of such animals and selection of Siberian minipigs for reduction of this index.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>свинья</kwd><kwd>сибирская миниатюрная свинья</kwd><kwd>крупная белая порода</kwd><kwd>порода ландрас</kwd><kwd>дикий кабан</kwd><kwd>свиной эндогенный ретровирус</kwd><kwd>ДНК</kwd><kwd>ген envA</kwd><kwd>число копий</kwd><kwd>ксенотрансплантация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pig</kwd><kwd>Siberian mini pig</kwd><kwd>Large White breed</kwd><kwd>Landras breed</kwd><kwd>wild boar</kwd><kwd>porcine endogenous retrovirus</kwd><kwd>DNA</kwd><kwd>envA gene</kwd><kwd>copy number</kwd><kwd>xenotransplantation.</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aitnazarov R.B., Nikitin S.V., Knyazev S.P., Yudin N.S. 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