vavilovВавиловский журнал генетики и селекцииVavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding2500-3259Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS10.18699/VJ16.199vavilov-857Research ArticleСистемная биология и моделированиеSystems biology and simulationsАнализ генной сети Neurogenesis:Prepattern, контролирующей первый этап формирования щетиночного узора у Drosophila melanogasterAnalysis of the Neurogenesis: Prepattern gene network сontrolling the first stage in Drosophila melanogaster bristle pattern developmentФурманД. П.FurmanD. P.

Новосибирск, Россия

Novosibirsk, Russia

БухаринаТ. А.BukharinaT. A.

Новосибирск, Россия

Novosibirsk, Russia

bukharina@bionet.nsc.ruФедеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук» Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Новосибирский национальный исследовательский государственный университет»РоссияInstitute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS Novosibirsk State UniversityRussian FederationФедеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук»РоссияInstitute of Cytology and Genetics SB RASRussian Federation201602022017206832839Copyright © Фурман Д.П., Бухарина Т.А., 20172017Фурман Д.П., Бухарина Т.А.Furman D.P., Bukharina T.A.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/857

Хитиновый покров насекомых не способен реагировать на раздражители, и приемниками сигналов из окружающей среды для них служат специализированные рецепторы. Дрозофила воспринимает тактильные стимулы посредством внешних сенсорных органов – микро- и макрохет, расположенных на голове и спинке (нотуме). Микрохеты многочисленны и образуют правильные ряды, ориентированные вдоль тела. Число макрохет относительно невелико, и их расположение на голове и нотуме строго определено. Макрохеты выполняют функцию механорецепторов, обеспечивающих мухе сохранение равновесия в полете. Набор макрохет называют щетиночным узором. Полноценный щетиночный узор взрослой Drosophila melanogaster складывается в результате многоступенчатого процесса. Основополагающая его стадия состоит в создании прообраза расположения будущих макрохет – препаттерна (предструктуры), представленного пронейральными кластерами. Пронейральные кластеры обособляются из массы клеток крыловых имагинальных дисков на стадии личинки третьего возраста и ранней предкуколки под действием факторов предструктуры, отождествляемых с транскрипционными факторами, направленно регулирующими экспрессию своих генов-мишеней в соответствующих районах. В статье впервые приведены результаты реконструкции и анализа генной сети, обеспечивающей процесс становления предструктуры, рассмотрены принципы ее организации и функционирования. Сеть насчитывает 80 объектов, связанных 109 регуляторными взаимодействиями. Ключевыми объектами сети, показывающими наибольшую связность с другими ее компонентами, являются пронейральные белки ASC, кодируемые генами achaete и scute, а также белки Decapentaplegic (Dpp) и Wingless (Wg). Структура сети характеризуется иерархической организацией и имеет по крайней мере три уровня управления. Функционирование сети как ансамбля генов в целом достигается координированной работой регуляторных контуров, осуществляющих как внутри-, так и межуровневый контроль активности генов. Результирующий эффект действия сети состоит в активации пронейральных генов комплекса AS-C, экспрессия которых отличает клетки пронейрального кластера от окружающих клеток эктодермы.

The external insect chitinous skeleton is unable to respond to stimuli; the external signals are received by specialized receptors. Drosophila perceives the tactile stimuli by its external sensory organs, the microchaetes and macrochaetes residing on the head and back (notum). The microchaetes (hairs) are numerous and arranged in perfect rows along the body. The macrochaetes (bristles) are rather few and are strictly positioned on the head and notum, being referred to as bristle pattern. Bristles act as mechanoreceptors, providing balance for flying drosophila. The proper bristle pattern of an adult fly develops through several stages. Its basic stage is formation of prepattern for the future bristles, represented by proneural clusters. The proneural clusters separate from the ectodermal cells in imaginal discs in the third instar larvae and early prepupae. They are induced by prepattern factors, identified with the transcription factors driving expression of their target genes in certain disc regions. Reconstruction of the gene network controlling prepattern development and its analysis are for the first time described as well as the principles underlying arrangement and function of this network. The hierarchical structure of the network, its key components, and regulatory circuits are identified. The network comprises 80 entities interconnected via 109 regulatory interactions. The key objects of the network, displaying the greatest connectivity with its other components, are the ASC proneural proteins encoded by the achaete and scute genes, and the proteins Decapentaplegic (Dpp) and Wingless (Wg). The structure of the network is hierarchical and has at least three control levels. The network acts as a gene ensemble owing to coordinated functioning of the regulatory circuits controlling activities of the corresponding genes both within and between the levels. The resulting effect of the network operation consists in activation of the AS-C, proneural genes, the expression of which distinguishes the cells of proneural cluster from the surrounding ectodermal cells.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.