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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/VJ16.214</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-874</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Актуальные технологии генетики и клеточной биологии</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Mainstream technologies in genetics and cell biology</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Практическое руководство по редактированию геномов системой CRISPR/Cas9</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Genome editing using CRISPR/ Cas9 system: a practical guide</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мензоров</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Menzorov</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лукьянчикова</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lukyanchikova</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кораблев</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Korablev</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Серова</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Serova</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фишман</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fishman</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">minja@bionet.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук»&#13;
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Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Новосибирский национальный исследовательский государственный университет»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS&#13;
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Novosibirsk State University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>02</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>930</fpage><lpage>944</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мензоров А.Г., Лукьянчикова В.А., Кораблев А.Н., Серова И.А., Фишман В.С., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мензоров А.Г., Лукьянчикова В.А., Кораблев А.Н., Серова И.А., Фишман В.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Menzorov A.G., Lukyanchikova V.A., Korablev A.N., Serova I.A., Fishman V.S.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/874">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/874</self-uri><abstract><p>Технология CRISPR/Cas за последние несколько лет совершила прорыв в области редактирования геномов. В силу высокой эффективности и простоты сборки отдельных компонент в условиях современной лаборатории, система CRISPR/Cas применяется огромным количеством исследователей в самых разных областях биологии. После появления первых сведений о редактировании генома млекопитающих системой CRISPR/Cas9 было разработано множество методов, предлагающих те или иные модификации белков семейства Cas или направляющих РНК. Целый ряд работ посвящен использованию технологий, основанных на системе CRISPR/Cas, для самых неожиданных целей – не только для редактирования геномов, но и для контроля экспрессии определенных генов, локализации и визуализации отдельных локусов ДНК в пространстве ядра, изменения статуса метилирования заданных сайтов в геноме млекопитающих и многое другое. Подробности работы системы CRISPR/Cas и способы ее применения детально рассмотрены нами ранее. Наиболее часто система CRISPR/ Cas используется именно для редактирования геномов, однако, несмотря на кажущуюся простоту, существует ряд технических сложностей, с которыми можно столкнуться, применяя эту технологию впервые. В настоящей статье подробно описаны протоколы, связанные со сборкой, тестированием и использованием системы CRISPR/Cas9 для внесения мутаций в геном млекопитающих. Дано краткое пояснение теоретических аспектов процессов, связанных с внесением направленных модификаций в геном млекопитающих. Подробно описана методика клонирования и тестирования векторов для доставки компонент системы CRISPR/Cas9 в клетки. Приведены протоколы модификации генома клеток в культуре и создания трансгенных животных. В каждом из разделов упомянуты потенциальные сложности, связанные с использованием системы CRISPR/Cas9, и предложены способы их преодоления.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Over the past few years, the CRISPR/Cas techniques have become a revolution in genome editing. Since the original paper on CRIPSR/Cas9 genome editing, researches have proposed numerous modifications of the key components of the CRISPR/Cas9 system to make it extremely efficient. Nowadays, CRISPR/Cas systems can be used not only to modify genomes, but also to control expression levels of defined genes, visualize loci of interest in the space of living cell nuclei, change methylation status of mammalian CpG sites, and to serve many other purposes. Due to an extremely high efficacy and ease of usage, the CRISPR/ Cas system has been employed in a large number of studies in various areas of biology and biotechnology. We have recently published a review describing various CRISPR/Cas systems, mechanisms of their functioning, and applications of the techniques in details. Despite the broad range of potential applications of CRISPR/Cas systems, they are mostly used for genome editing. And, however simple the system may be, there is a number of potential pitfalls on the way towards its use in CRISPR/Cas- naïve laboratory settings. In this article, we describe protocols of CRISPR/Cas9 system generation. We start with a short description of theoretical aspects underlying Cas9-mediated genome editing. Next, we describe a step-by-step protocol of guide RNA vector design and assembly, and several ways of qualitative and quantitative evaluations of the system. Finally, we report protocols of genome editing for modification of embryonic stem cells and zygotes.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>редактирование геномов</kwd><kwd>CRISPR/Cas9</kwd><kwd>эмбриональные стволовые клетки</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>genome editing</kwd><kwd>CRISPR/Cas9</kwd><kwd>embryonic stem cells.</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bindra R.S., Goglia A.G., Jasin M., Powell S.N. Development of an assay to measure mutagenic non-homologous end-joining repair activity in mammalian cells. Nucl. Acids Res. 2013;41(11):e115-e115. DOI 10.1093/nar/gkt255.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bindra R.S., Goglia A.G., Jasin M., Powell S.N. Development of an assay to measure mutagenic non-homologous end-joining repair activity in mammalian cells. Nucl. Acids Res. 2013;41(11):e115-e115. 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