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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/VJ17.233</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-925</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Таксономия растений</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Plant taxonomy</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Внутривидовая классификация пшеницы твердой: новые ботанические разновидности и формы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Intraspecific classification of durum wheat: new botanical varieties and forms</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ляпунова</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lyapunova</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St.-Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">o.liapounova@vir.nw.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Федеральный исследовательский центр Всероссийский институт генетических ресурсов растений им. Н.И. Вавилова» (ВИР)<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Federal Research Center the N.I. Vavilov All-Rassian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR)<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>04</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>152</fpage><lpage>157</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ляпунова О.А., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ляпунова О.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lyapunova O.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/925">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/925</self-uri><abstract><p>В соответствии с системой рода Triticum L., разработанной в отделе генетических ресурсов пшеницы ВИР, твердая пшеница является самостоятельным видом Triticum durum Desf. Внутри вида рассматривают два подвида: subsp. durum и subsp. horanicum. Подвид собственно твердых пшениц (subsp. durum) дифференцирован на шесть групп разновидностей (convar.), в свою очередь convar. durum имеет в своем составе три подгруппы разновидностей (subconvar.). Ко времени создания классификации внутри вида T. durum Desf. насчитывалась 121 ботаническая разновидность. Они были выделены по сочетанию таких признаков, как «наличие/отсутствие опушения соломины под колосом», «опушенность/неопушенность колосковых чешуй», «шероховатость остей»; по цвету чешуй, остей и зерновок. Принцип выделения основан на сочетании значительного количества признаков, что дает большое число возможных вариантов и увеличивает вероятность нахождения новых разновидностей. Объектом исследований было около 6000 образцов генетической коллекции твердой пшеницы ВИР, репродуцируемых в различных эколого-географических условиях на протяжении 15 лет. Идентификацию образцов проводили в соответствии с классификацией, которую использует отдел генетических ресурсов пшеницы ВИР в работе с коллекцией. В результате наших полевых исследований на станции Тель Хадия (Сирия) Международного центра сельскохозяйственных исследований в засушливых регионах (ICARDA) и идентификации репродукции образцов, полученных после размножения на опытных станциях ВИР, выявлено 10 новых разновидностей и 12 форм пшеницы твердой, которые дополнили нашу классификацию. Для каждой из них приведен диагноз, определен тип, представлены гербарий (автотип) и фотографии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The Wheat Genetic Resources Department of VIR treats Triticum durum Desf. as a separate species. It contains 2 subspecies: subsp. durum and subsp. horanicum. Subsp. horanicum Vav. shows the highest spike density. Subsp. durum – the durum wheat proper – is characterized by a major variation of spike density, grain size and form. The subspecies also has liguleless forms and those with strongly pubescent leaves. The subsp. durum is represented by 6 groups of botanical varieties (convarieties): durum, durocompactum, aglossicon, villosum, falcatum, and caucasicum. Convar. durum has three subconvarieties: durum, muticum and duroramosum. At the time of the development of the classification 121 botanical varieties were described within T. durum. They were identified by a combination of characteristics such as the presence or absence of pubescent straw under the spike, pubescent or glabrous glumes, the roughness of awns (smooth or rough), glume color (white, red, gray, smoked-grayish or black on white or red background), awn color (same color as that of glumes or black), kernel color (white, red or purple). The principle of selection of botanical varieties is based on the combination of a large number of signs, giving a large number of possible options. It is very likely that most of them are not found in nature, but the probability of finding a new botanical variety or the presence of various forms can be increased as the research of polymorphism in accessions of the durum wheat collection in different ecological and geographical conditions. The objects of research were about 6000 accessions from the VIR durum wheat genetic collection, which had been grown in different ecological and geographical conditions during for 15 years. Identification of the accessions was carried out in accordance with the classification used by the Wheat GR department in its work with the collection. As a result of their own field research in ICARDA (Syria, Tel Hadya) and identification of accessions obtained after reproduction on the VIR experimental station, we have identified 10 new botanical varieties and 12 forms of T. durum to supplement the classification. For each of them the diagnosis is given, the type is defined, a herbarium (autotype) and photos are provided.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>твердая пшеница (Triticum durum)</kwd><kwd>внутривидовая классификация</kwd><kwd>таксон</kwd><kwd>ботаническая разновидность</kwd><kwd>форма ботанической разновидности</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>durum wheat (Triticum durum)</kwd><kwd>intraspecific classification</kwd><kwd>taxon</kwd><kwd>botanical varietas</kwd><kwd>forms of botanical varietas</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Desfontaines R.L. Flora atlantica: sive historia plantarum quae in Atlante, agro tunetano et algeriensi crescent. Parisiis: L.G. Desgranges, 1798;1:114.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Desfontaines R.L. 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