vavilovВавиловский журнал генетики и селекцииVavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding2500-3259Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS10.18699/VJ17.22-ovavilov-946Research ArticleГЕНОМИКА И ТРАНСКРИПТОМИКАPLANT GENETICS AND BREEDINGИзучение межфазного периода «всходы–колошение» у исходных родительских форм и гибридов тритикале с разными генами VrnStudy of the interphase period “shoots–earing” of the initial parental forms and hybrids of triticale with different Vrn genesСтёпочкинП. И.StepochkinP. I.

Новосибирская область, пос. Краснообск

Krasnoobsk, Novosibirsk region

ЕмцеваМ. В.EmtsevaM. V.

Новосибирская область, пос. Краснообск

Krasnoobsk, Novosibirsk region

Сибирский научно-исследовательский институт растениеводства и селекции – филиал Федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук»РоссияSiberian Research Institute of Plant Production and Breeding – Branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RASRussian Federation201702112017215530533Copyright © Стёпочкин П.И., Емцева М.В., 20172017Стёпочкин П.И., Емцева М.В.Stepochkin P.I., Emtseva M.V.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/946

Разнообразие тритикале по генам Vrn, влияющим на длитель­ ность межфазного периода «всходы–колошение» и общую про­ должительность вегетационного периода растений, меньше, чем у пшеницы. Для его расширения и дальнейшего применения в селекционных программах получены гибриды с использованием четырех линий октаплоидных тритикале с разными генами Vrn и двух селекционных линий озимого сорта Сирс 57.

Цель данной работы – сравнительное изучение продолжительности межфазно­ го периода «всходы–колошение» у исходных родительских форм и гибридов тритикале F3 с разным сочетанием пар доминантных генов Vrn-A1, Vrn-B1, Vrn-D1 и Vrn-D4. Показано, что по силе фено­ типического проявления комбинаций этих генов (чем короче межфазный период «всходы–колошение», тем сильнее действие генов) октаплоидные гибриды составляют следующий ряд: (VrnA1×VrnD1) ≥ (VrnB1×VrnD1) ≥ (VrnA1×VrnD4) = (VrnA1×VrnВ1) > (VrnD1×VrnD4), а гибриды октаплоидных тритикале с гексаплоид­ ными – (VrnD1×Сирс 57) > (VrnВ1×Сирс 57) ≥ (VrnD4×Сирс 57/2/4) > (VrnВ1×Цекад 90/5). По степени проявления доминантных генов гибриды от разноплоидных скрещиваний не отличались от исход­ных материнских октаплоидных форм. Сочетание двух доминант­ ных генов у гибридов (кроме комбинации VrnD1×VrnD4) в гомози­ готном или гетерозиготном состоянии в генотипе растений уко­ ротило межфазный период «всходы–колошение» по сравнению с родительскими формами, а в результате совместного действия генов VrnA1 и VrnD1 возникли растения с самым коротким меж­ фазным периодом «всходы–колошение» по сравнению со всеми изученными формами тритикале. 

The diversity of triticale Vrn genes influencing the duration of the interphase period “shoots–earing” and the total length of the growing period of plants is lesser than that of wheat. For its diversification and breading purposes, hybrids were made by using the original parental forms – an original collection of isogenic lines of octaploid triticale with different Vrn genes, as well as by using breeding lines of hexaploid triticale and a winter variety, Sirs 57.

The aim of this work was to conduct a comparative study of the duration of the interphase period “shoots–earing” in the initial parental forms and triticale F3 hybrids having different combinations of pairs of the dominant genes Vrn-A1, Vrn-B1, Vrn-D1 and Vrn-D4. It is shown that, according to the strength of the phenotype expression of the gene pairs (the shorter the interphase period “shoots–earing”, the stronger the activity of the genes), octaploid hybrids ranged as following: (VrnA1×VrnD1) ≥ (VrnB1×VrnD1) ≥ (VrnA1×VrnD4) = (VrnA1×VrnВ1) > (VrnD1×VrnD4), and the hybrids between octaploid and hexaploid triticales have the following order: (VrnD1×Sirs 57) > (VrnВ1×Sirs 57) ≥ (VrnD4×Sirs 57/2/4) > (VrnВ1×Tsekad 90/5). At the level of expression of the dominant genes, the hybrids obtained from the crosses of different levels of ploidy did not differ from the original maternal octaploid forms. The combination of two dominant genes in the hybrids, except for the combination VrnD1×VrnD4, in homozygous or heterozygous state in the genotype of plants shortened the interphase period “shoots–earing” in comparison with the parental forms and the joint action of the VrnA1 and VrnD1 genes resulted in the emergence of plants with the shortest interphase period in comparison with all triticale forms studied. 

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.