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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/VJ17.248</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-958</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Физиологическая генетика</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Physiological genetics</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Эффективность ольфакторного транспорта наночастиц оксида марганца (II) при однократном или многократном интраназальном введении</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Olfactory transport efficiency of the manganese oxide nanoparticles (II) after their single or multiple intranasal administrations</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ромащенко</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Romashchenko</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">arom@bionet.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шарапова</surname><given-names>М. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sharapova</surname><given-names>M. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петровский</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrovskii</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мошкин</surname><given-names>М. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Moshkin</surname><given-names>M. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук»;&#13;
Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Конструкторско-технологический институт вычислительной техники Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS;&#13;
Institute of Computational Technologies SB RAS<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>05</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>304</fpage><lpage>311</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ромащенко А.В., Шарапова М.Б., Петровский Д.В., Мошкин М.П., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ромащенко А.В., Шарапова М.Б., Петровский Д.В., Мошкин М.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Romashchenko A.V., Sharapova M.B., Petrovskii D.V., Moshkin M.P.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/958">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/958</self-uri><abstract><p>В экспериментах с многоразовым ингаляционным введением наноразмерных частиц оксидов металлов показано отсутствие значимой взаимосвязи между количеством предъявлений и концентрацией металла в обонятельных луковицах. Это обстоятельство ставит вопрос о возможном снижении эффективности захвата твердых частиц ольфакторным эпителием при повторных поступлениях в носовую полость. В данной работе проведено сравнение эффективности назального транспорта магнитоконтрастных наночастиц при их однократном и многократном интраназальном введении и оценено их воздействие на морфофункциональные характеристики ольфакторной системы. Согласно полученным данным, накопление MnO-НЧ в обонятельных луковицах мышей снижается при их повторных интраназальных аппликациях. Кроме того, снижение эффективности ольфакторного транспорта, наблюдаемое при многократном введении MnO-НЧ, частично восстанавливается при интраназальной аппликации муколитика (0.01 М N-ацетил-L-цистеин). При этом концентрация частиц в обонятельных луковицах была пропорциональна объему данной структуры, который, в частности, зависит от количества синаптических контактов между обонятельными луковицами и ольфакторным эпителием. Следует отметить, что при многократном введении MnO-НЧ у мышей снижается толщина ольфакторного эпителия. Таким образом, при многократном интраназальном введении MnO-НЧ снижается эффективность ольфакторного транспорта наночастиц из носовой полости в мозг, что сочетается с увеличением вязкости мукозального слоя и снижением количества синаптических контактов между обонятельными луковицами и ольфакторным эпителием. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о наличии естественных механизмов защиты ольфакторного эпителия от проникновения патогенов и ксенобиотиков и позволяют сформулировать конкретные практические рекомендации, касающиеся интраназальной аппликации лекарственных препаратов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In experiments with reusable inhalation of nano-sized metal oxide particles, it has been shown that there is no significant relationship between the number of presentations and the metal concentration in the olfactory bulb. This fact raises the question of a possible decrease in the efficiency of particulate capturing by the olfactory epithelium after their repeated application into the nasal cavity. In this study, we compared the effectiveness of nasal transport of paramagnetic nanoparticles after their single and multiple intranasal administration and evaluated their effects on the morphological and functional characteristics of the olfactory system. Based on the data, the accumulation of MnO-NPs in the olfactory bulb of mice was reduced after repeated intranasal application. In addition, the decrease in the efficiency of olfactory transport observed after repeated administration of MnO-NPs was partially restored by intranasal application of mucolytic (0.01 M N-acetyl-L-cysteine). In this case, the concentration of particles in the olfactory bulb was proportional to the volume of the structure, which in particular depends on the number of synaptic contacts between the mitral cell of the olfactory bulb (OB) and olfactory epithelium (OE). It should be noted that multiple intranasal injections of MnO-NPs reduce mouse OE thickness. Thus, repeated intranasal introduction of MnO-NPs reduces the efficiency of nanoparticle olfactory transport from the nasal cavity to the brain, which is combined with the increase in the viscosity of the mucosal layer and the reduction in the number of synaptic contacts between OB and OE. These results indicate the presence of the natural mechanisms of protection against the penetration of pathogens and xenobiotics into the olfactory epithelium; they also allow us to formulate practical recommendations on intranasal drugs delivery.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>наночастицы</kwd><kwd>интраназальное введение</kwd><kwd>магнитно-резонансная томография</kwd><kwd>назальный транспорт</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>nanoparticles</kwd><kwd>intranasal administration</kwd><kwd>magnetic resonance imaging</kwd><kwd>nasal transport</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Российский научный фонд</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bartsch W.G.K.G., Sponer G., Dietmann K., Fuchs G. Acute toxicity of various solvents in the mouse and rat. 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