Внутривидовая изменчивость Puccinia triticina на гексаплоидных видах Triticum и Aegilops trivialis

Анализ внутривидовой дифференциации патогена – необходимый этап при разработке стратегии селекции пшеницы на устойчивость к бурой ржавчине. Для характеристики популяций Puccinia triticina Erikss. могут быть использованы разные признаки, включая вирулентность к линиям серии Thatcher с генами устойчивости к бурой ржавчине (TcLr) и молекулярные маркеры. Цель работы – изучение внутривидовой изменчивости гриба P. triticina на гексаплоидных видах Triticum L. и Aegilops trivialis (Zhuk.) Migusch. et Chak. с помощью SSR-маркеров. Листья образцов гексаплоид- ных видов Triticum aestivum L., T. compactum Host., T. macha Dekapr. et Menabde, T. petropavlovskyi Udacz. et Migusch., T. spelta L., T. sphaerococcum Perc., T. vavilovii Jakubz. (геном BВAuAuDD), Ae. trivialis (геном Dc Dc DDМM) с урединиопустулами собирали на Дагестанской опытной станции ВИР (г. Дербент) в 2014 г. Для SSR-анализа использовали 109 монопустульных изолятов гриба, ранее охарактеризованных по вирулентности к 20 TcLr-линиям. Изучение полиморфизма 18 микросателлитных локусов позволило выявить 16 SSR-генотипов. Генетическое сходство между коллекциями изолятов с гексаплоидных видов пшеницы по молекулярным маркерам было существенно выше, чем по признаку вирулентности. Показано высокое генетическое сходство между дербентскими изолятами P. triticina, полученными с гексаплоидных видов родов Triticum (в том числе и мягкой пшеницы) и Ae. trivialis.

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