Изучение генетического полиморфизма диплоидной пшеницы Triticum boeoticum Boiss. с использованием SSR-маркеров

Диплоидная пшеница Triticum boeoticum Boiss. (геном АА) – потен­циальный источник новых ценных аллелей для улучшения возде­лываемых видов пшеницы. В связи с этим оценка внутривидового разнообразия T. boeoticum и ДНК-паспортизация образцов этого вида является актуальной задачей. В настоящей работе исследо­вано генетическое разнообразие более 60 образцов T. boeoticum с использованием 11 микросателлитных маркеров. По данным SSR-анализа было идентифицировано 83 аллеля, в среднем на­блюдалось по 7.5 аллелей на локус. Величины ожидаемой (HE) и наблюдаемой (HO) гетерозиготности варьировали в пределах 0.17–0.89 и 0.00–0.74 при среднем показателе HE = 0.52 и HO = 0.13 соответственно. Значение PIC для каждого локуса находилось в пределах 0.17–0.88 и в среднем равнялось 0.49. Для всех изучен­ных локусов были обнаружены уникальные аллели. Кластерный анализ позволил объединить изученные образцы в пять основных групп, расстояния между группами варьировали от 0 до 1, что указывает на высокий уровень генетических различий в исследу­емой коллекции. Согласно анализу PCoA, было образовано пять основных групп и выявлены некоторые соответствия с дендро­граммой. При обобщении полученных данных PCoA и кластерного анализа отмечена слабая генетическая дифференциация изучен­ной коллекции T. boeoticum. Корреляция генетического расстояния с географическим происхождением выявлена лишь для образцов диплоидной пшеницы T. boeoticum из Ирана. Анализ образцов показывает широкое разнообразие T. boeoticum по микросателлит­ным локусам. Полученные нами данные расширяют представле­ния и дают дополнительную информацию о генетической структу­ре коллекции и разнообразии изученных образцов T. boeoticum.

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