Белковая интерференция как механизм регуляции экспрессии генов растений
https://doi.org/10.18699/VJ18.419
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Аннотация
Транскрипционные факторы (ТФ) играют центральную роль в регуляционных процессах, связанных с развитием растений и их ответом на внешние воздействия. Работа ТФ регулируется на каждой стадии из активности. Как правило, ТФ состоят из трех доменов, необходимых для ДНК-связывания, димеризации и транскрипционной регуляции. Альтернативный сплайсинг позволяет получить множество белков с различным составом доменов. Недавние исследования показали, что в результате альтернативного сплайсинга некоторых генов, кодирующих ТФ, образуются малые пептиды (малые интерферирующие пептиды/белки, siPEP/ siPROT), у которых отсутствует один или несколько доменов и которые негативно регулируют целевой ТФ благодаря механизму белковой интерференции (белковая/пептидная интерференция, PEPi/PROTi). Было показано наличие альтернативной формы для транскрипционного фактора ССА1 Arabidopsis thaliana, которая участвует в регуляции ответа на холодовой стресс. Для белка PtFLC обнаружена одна из изоформ, которая образуется в результате альтернативного сплайсинга и действует как негативный репрессор, связываясь с полноразмерным ТФ PtFLC и тем самым регулируя некоторые стадии развития растения Poncirus trifoliata. Для A. thaliana обнаружен ген FLM, образующий изоформу FLM-б, которая работает как доминантный негативный регулятор и стимулирует процесс формирования цветка благодаря образованию гетеродимера с транскрипционным фактором SVP. Малые интерферирующие пептиды и белки могут быть активными участниками регуляции экспрессии генов, например, при стрессовых воздействиях или на разных стадиях развития растения. Более того, небольшие интерферирующие пептиды и белки могут быть использованы в качестве инструмента для фундаментальных исследований функции генов, а также в прикладных исследованиях, например, для временного или постоянного выключения гена. Данный обзор посвящен последним исследованиям, связанным с малыми интерферирующими пептидами и их ролью в ответе на различные стрессовые факторы, а также возможным путям получения малых интерферирующих пептидов.
Об авторах
А. О. Вячеславова
Институт общей генетики им. Н.И. Вавилова, Российская академия наук
Россия
Россия
Москва
И. А. Абдеева
Институт общей генетики им. Н.И. Вавилова, Российская академия наук
Россия
Россия
Москва
Э. С. Пирузян
Институт общей генетики им. Н.И. Вавилова, Российская академия наук
Россия
Россия
Москва
С. А. Брускин
Институт общей генетики им. Н.И. Вавилова, Российская академия наук
Россия
Россия
Москва
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