Ways to improve the gene pool of pigs of the Russian Federation
https://doi.org/10.18699/VJ18.433
Abstract
An analysis of the system of breeding work in the pig industry of our country has been carried out. The scientifc and organizational factors that determine the improvement of breed and productive qualities of pigs have been analyzed. On the basis of many years of experimental data, selection practices obtained in the process of creating new breeding achievements, and using the scientifc results of the world science on genetics and animal breeding, proposals have been developed for a new system for assessing and improving the genetic potential of animal productivity based on modern achievements in genetics. In particular, a critical analysis was performed on the existing instructions for boning pigs, linear breeding, which does not meet the criteria of reality in the systematization of biological objects. The positive effect of breeding pigs in a closed mode in the form of a “line-population”, using such genetic markers as erythrocyte antigens, erythrocyte enzymes, lipoproteins, allowing intensifcation of the selection process, has been experimentally proved. When hogging pigs and developing breeding plans with a herd, it was proposed to use such selection and genetic parameters as heritability factors, phenotypic and genetic correlations, selective differential, selective effect, etc. for assessment of animals and prognostication of productivity. A system of continuous scoring of each selectable feature was developed, in contrast to the interval to the classes used in our country at the present time. A model of the selection index, taking into account the selection and economic signifcance of each of its components, has been proposed. Theoretical paths have been shown towards and experimental proof given to a relatively rapid transformation of breeds of animals bred in Russia to world-class productivity, as opposed to the constant import of breeding animals.
About the Author
V. A. Bekenеv
Siberian Federal Scientifc Center of Agro-BioTechnologies, RAS
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Krasnoobsk, Novosibirsk region
References
1. Bekenеv V.A., Grishina E.F., Frolova V.I., Kryuchkovsky A.G., Mazanova G.I., Moreva Z.I., Yudina G.P. Breeding achievement in animal husbandry: the Novosibirsk type of Large White pigs. Patent No. 1032. Application No. 9353386 of 01.01.1993. (in Russian)
2. Bekenev V.A., Bashkirova N.M., Belozerova I.P., Dudarev V.A., Mantikova V.G. Breeding achievement in animal husbandry: the Achinskiy type of Large White pigs. Patent No. 1994. Application No. 9811316 of 17.07.2001. 2001a. (in Russian)
3. Bekenev V.A., Frolova V.I., Afonina T.G., Kharchenko P.G. Economic values of target traits in pig breeding. In: Modern Technologies for Animal Production in Siberia. Novosibirsk: SibNIPTIZH, 2001b;51-57. (in Russian)
4. Bekenev V.A., Matasova Yu.A., Pykhalov V.S., Cheshkova A.F., Krasnorutskaya O.G., Frolova V.I. Improving population¬genetic methods for assessing the breeding qualities of pigs. In: Modern Technologies for Animal Production in Siberia. Novosibirsk, SibNIPTIZH, 2004;117-129. (in Russian)
5. Bekenev V.A., Frolova V.I., Pilnikov V.G., Botsan I.V. The way to assess the breeding qualities of pigs. Patent No. 2384058, RU. Application No. 2008117728 of May 4, 2008. Registered on March 20, 2010. (in Russian)
6. Ginzburg E.H., Nikoro Z.S. Variance Decomposition and Breeding Problems. Novosibirsk: Nauka Publ., 1982. (in Russian)
7. Civil Code of the Russian Federation. Pt. 4. Novosibirsk, 2004;141-158. (in Russian)
8. Grishkova A.P., Arishin A.A., Ovchinnikova L.A., Goncharenko G.M. Genotypic features of meat pigs. Sovremennye Naukoemkie Tehnologii = Modern High Technologies. 2008;3:38. (in Russian)
9. Grishkova A.P., Arishin A.A., Chalova N.A., Volkov V.A., Grishkov V.A., Tretyakova N.L. The Breeding and Genetic Basis of the Technology for Industrial Pork Production. Kemerovo: Kuzbassvuzizdat Publ., 2015. (in Russian)
10. Ladan P.E., Kovalenko V.A., Stepanov V.I. Breeding techniques and methods that increase the effciency of breeding in specialized lines. In: Theory and Methods of Individual Production of Pork. Leningrad: Agropromizdat Publ., 1985;39-46. (in Russian)
11. Lyubishchev A.A. Problems of Form, Systematics, and Evolution of Organisms. Moscow: Nauka Publ., 1982. (in Russian)
12. Madison V. Cattle husbandry in Russia: the past and thoughts. Zhivotnovodstvo Rossii = Livestock Russia. 2010;10:6-8. (in Russian)
13. Merkurieva E.K. Biometrics in the Breeding and Genetics of Farm Animals. Moscow: Kolos Publ., 1970;393-400. (in Russian)
14. Mettler L., Gregg T. Genetics of Populations and Evolution. New York, Prentice¬Hall, Englewood Cliffs, 1969. (Russ. ed.: Mettler L., Gregg T. Genetics of Populations and Evolution. Moscow: Mir Publ., 1972;15.)
15. Nikitchenko I.N. Heterosis in Pig Breeding. Leningrad: Agropromizdat Publ., 1987. (in Russian)
16. The Procedure and Conditions for the Appraisal of Breeding Pigs. Moscow, 2009. (in Russian)
17. Orders of the Ministry of Agriculture of Russia No. 431 оf 17.11.2011, No. 540 of 10.30.2015. (in Russian)
18. Sakhno B.N., Kuligin S.I. The use of breeding indices in pig breeding. Vestnik Altaiskogo Gosudarstvennogo Agrarnogo Universiteta = Bulletin of the Altai State Agrarian University. 2004; 3:330-331. (in Russian)
19. Simon M.O. Siberian Northern breed of pigs. In: State Herdbook of Pigs of the Siberian Northern Breed and the Siberian Motley Breed Group. Novosibirsk, 1951;1:13-41. (in Russian)
20. Stepanov V.I., Kovalenko V.A., Mikhailov N.V. On the development of pig breeding systems by methods of dependent levels of culling. In: Abstracts of the All¬Union Scientifc and Technical Meetings “Problems of Increasing Pork Production”. Moscow, 1985;15-18. (in Russian)
21. Stepanov V.I., Mikhailov N.V. Practical Course on Pig Breeding. Moscow: Agropromizdat Publ., 1986;153-159. (in Russian)
22. Falconer D.S. Introduction to Quantitative Genetic. New York: Ronald Press Co, 1960. (Russ. ed.: Folkoner D.S. Introduction to Quantitative Genetic. Moscow: Agropromizdat Publ., 1985.)
23. Sheyko I. Economic and biological features of pigs bred in a closed circuit. Svinovodstvo = Pig Husbandry. 1999;3:7-10. (in Russian)
24. Stahl V., Rush D., Schieler R., Vakhal J. Population Genetics for Livestock Breeders. Moscow: Kolos Publ., 1973. (in Russian)
25. Baas T.J., Goodwin R.N., Christian L.L., Johnson R.K., Robison O.W., Mabry J.W., Clark K., Tokach M., Henry S., Berger P.J. Design and standards for genetic evaluation of swine seedstock populations. J. Anim. Sci. 2003;81:2409-2418.
26. Flint A.P., Woolliams J.A. Precision animal breeding. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B. Biol. Sci. 2008;363(1491):573-590.
27. Fritzshe J. Die Weiterentwicklung des Systems der Bewerting fur zuchtschweine durch Einfuhrung von Selektionsindizes. Tierzucht. 1984;38(3):118-120.
28. Hazel L.N. The genetic basis for constructing selection indexes. Genetics. 1943;28(9):476-490.
29. Hazel L.N., Lush I.L. The effciency of three methods of selection. J. Heredity. 1942;33:393-399.
30. Henderson C.R. Best linear unbiased estimation and prediction under a selection model. Biometrics. 1975;31:423447. DOI 10.2307/2529430.
31. Löbke A., Willeke H., Pirchner F. Beziehung zwischen Reproduktionsleistung und Wachstum und Ruckenspeck-dicke. 37 Jahrestagung der EVT. Budapest-Ungarn, 1986;1-4.
32. Mabry J.W., Harris D., Stewart T. A comparison of RAM and Shortcut BLUP for Estimating Breeding Value using central boar test station data. Record of Pork. 1987;25-32.
33. Onteru S.K., Fan B., Nikkilä M.T., Garrick D.J., Stalder K.J., Rothschild M.F. Wholegenome association analyses for lifetime reproductive traits in the pig. J. Anim. Sci. 2011;89(4):988-995. DOI 10.2527/jas.20103236.
34. Rempel L.A., Nonneman D.J., Wise T.H., Erkens T., Peelman L.J., Rohrer G.A. Association analyses of candidate single nucleotide polymorphisms on reproductive traits in swine. J. Anim. Sci. 2010; 88(1):1-15. DOI 10.2527/jas.2009-1985.
35. Schinckel A. Use EBV’s improve swine performance. Pigs. 1986; 22(2):26-29.
36. Serenius T., Stalder K.J. Selection for sow longevity. J. Anim. Sci. 2006;84(Suppl.13):E166-E171.
37. Sironen A.I., Uimari P., Serenius T., Mote B., Rothschild M., Vilkki J. Effect of polymorphisms in candidate genes on reproduction traits in Finnish pig populations. J. Anim. Sci. 2010;88(3):821-827.
38. Thekkoot D.M., Young J.M., Rothschild M.F., Dekkers J.C.M. Genomewide association analysis of sow lactation performance traits in lines of Yorkshire pigs divergently selected for residual feed intake during grow–fnish phase. J. Anim. Sci. 2016;94(6):2317-2331. DOI 10.2527/jas.2015-0258.
39. Wood C.M. Guidelines for Inform Swine Improvements Programs. Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University Blacksburg, 1989.
Review
Views:
983
Email this article 