Полиморфизм ITS-последовательностей генов 35S рРНК у видов Elymus dahuricus aggr.: два криптических вида?

Секвенированы последовательности внутренних транскрибируемых спейсеров (ITS) 23 видов и подвидов Elymus sensu lato. При анализе молекулярно-филогенетической сети Neighbor-Net все последовательности ITS образцов Elymus s. l. были разделены на четыре типа: основной северный Elymus-риботип, основной южный Elymus-риботип, северный dahuricus-риботип и южный dahuricus-риботип. рДНК основного южного риботипа родственна рДНК диплоидного вида Pseudoroegneria stipifolia (PI 313960) и P. spicata (PI 547161). рДНК основного северного риботипа родственна рДНК P. cognata (PI 531720), диплоидного вида из Казахстана, несущего StY – вариант St-генома. Основной северный риботип широко распространен у видов Elymus Сибири и Дальнего Востока, включая Якутию и Чукотку. Основной южный St-риботип характерен для относительно южных популяций Elymus и Pseudoroegneria, включая Закавказье, Приморье, Пакистан, Южную Корею. Отметим, что северный Elymus dahuricus-риботип и южный Elymus dahuricus-риботип были обнаружены у всех четырех видов группы родства E. dahuricus aggr.: E. dahuricus Turcz. ex Griseb., E. franchetii Kitag., E. excelsus Turcz. ex Griseb. и у гималайского вида E. tangutorum (Nevski) Hand.-Mazz. Иными словами, молекулярно-филогенетические исследования образцов, относимых к E. dahuricus aggr., говорят о том, что в Сибири, на Дальнем Востоке и в Северном Китае существуют по крайней мере две группы популяций (две расы), надежно различающиеся по ITS-последовательностям, в каждой из которых представлены все морфологические формы, относимые сейчас одними систематиками к четырем разным видам E. dahuricus aggr. (E. dahuricus sensu stricto, E. franchetii, E. tangutorum, E. excelsus), а другими – к одному виду Campeiostachys dahurica (Turcz. ex Griseb.) B.R. Baum, J.L. Yang et C.C. Yen. Имеются ли между этими группами морфологические различия, или это криптические виды (подвиды) – неизвестно, но с уверенностью можно сказать, что если различия в морфологии между этими двумя расами есть, то они не связаны с признаками, которые сейчас считаются таксономически значимыми и используются для разделения E. dahuricus s. s., E. franchetii, E. excelsus, E. tangutorum.

Elymus dahuricus aggr., межвидовая гибридизация, 35S рРНК, Triticeae

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