Оценка генетического разнообразия с использованием SSR-маркеров в популяциях Agriophyllum squarrosum L. и Agriophyllum minus Fisch. & Mey., собранных на юго-востоке Казахстана

Разработка информативных полиморфных ДНК-маркеров для малоизученных родов - необходимое и важное условие для эффективного популяционного анализа живых организмов, в том числе играющих важную экологическую роль в суровых климатических условиях, в частности в пустынях и полупустынях. Примерами подобных малоизученных пустынных видов являются Agriophyllum squarrosum L. и Agriophyllum minus Fisch. & Mey. В недавнем проекте по РНК-секвенированию A. squarrosum было найдено большое количество гипотетических SSR (простые повторяющиеся последовательности) маркеров. В настоящей работе в результате скрининга 24 случайно отобранных SSR-маркеров для трех популяций A. squarrosum и одной популяции A. minus обнаружены 11 новых полиморфных SSR-маркеров. Изучение этих 11 SSR-маркеров показало наличие 16 полиморфных локусов для двух видов Agriophyllum, 8 полиморфных локусов среди трех популяций A. squarrosum и 6 полиморфных локусов для популяции A. minus. Статистический анализ выявил высокое межвидовое, но относительно низкое внутривидовое генетическое разнообразие. Филогенетический анализ и анализ структуры популяций позволили обнаружить явное разделение на уровне видов, а также дивергенцию популяции 1 A. squarrosum относительно популяций 2 и 3 данного вида. Таким образом, нами идентифицирован набор новых и информативных SSR-маркеров, подходящих для изучения генетического разнообразия Agriophyllum.

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