The valuable characteristics of oats genotypes and resistance to Fusarium disease

A comprehensive field- and laboratory-based assessment of the eco-geographical and intraspecific diversity of oats helps determine the parameters, on the basis of which it is possible to select genotypes that may serve as genetic sources for breeding. The study aims to analyze the relationship of agronomic traits of oat genotypes from the VIR collection with resistance to Fusarium disease. The agronomic characters and disease resistance of 340 genotypes of hulled and naked oats belonging to the cultivated species Avena sativa L., A. byzantina C. Koch, A. abyssinica Hoch. and A. strigosa Schreb. of different geographical origin have been tested in field and laboratory conditions in 2007–2009 and in 2014. The artificial infection with Fusarium sporotrichioides Sherb. was used to evaluate bacterial loads and mycotoxin contamination in the oat genotypes. An integral analysis has shown that the duration of the second half of the vegetation period, resistance to lodging and pathogen infection, plant height and panicle elongation facilitate grain infection. It has been found that A. strigosa and A. sativa are less susceptible to Fusarium than A. byzantina and A. abyssinica. Naked oats are more resistant to Fusarium disease if compared to the hulled ones. A comparison of evaluation results for the local and bred genotypes has shown that local accessions with the unilateral panicle and dark-colored floral glumes are more resistant to Fusarium disease. When considering the geographical origin, a higher degree of resistance was discovered in local varieties from China as well as in some accessions from Russia and USA and bred cultivars from Belarus. In total, the characters studied made it possible to identify oat genotypes with high yield and resistance to Fusarium disease.

Avena spp., genotype, valuable characters, resistance, Fusarium disease, mycotoxins, principal component analysis

1. Bjørnstad Å, Skinnes H. Resistance to Fusarium infection in oats (Avena sativa L.). Cereal Res. Comm. 2008;36:5762.

2. Boutigni A.L., RichardForget F., Barreau C. Natural mechanisms for cereal resistance to the accumulation of Fusarium trichothecenes. Eur. J. Plant Pathology. 2008;121:411423.

3. Burkin A.A., Zorjan V.G., Soboleva N.A., Kononenko G.P. T2 toxin and roridin A in blood, tissues and excreta of rats after oral administration. Baltic J. Lab. Anim. Sci. 2000;10:26-32.

4. Gagkaeva T.Yu., Gavrilova O.P. Features of oat damage by Fusarium. Selskokhozyaystvennaya Biologiya = Agricultural Biology. 2011;6: 3-10.

5. Gagkaeva T.Yu., Gavrilova O.P., Levitin M.M., Novozhilov K.V. Fusarium head blight. Zashchita i Karantin Rasteniy = Plant Protection and Quarantine. 2011;5:69-120.

6. Gagkaeva T.Yu., Gavrilova O.P., Loskutov I.G., Blinova E.V., Anikina L.V. Kharakteristika obraztsov ovsa po ustoychivosti k fuzariozu [Characterization of the resistance of oat accessions to Fusarium]. Katalog mirovoy kollektsii VIR [Catalogue of the Vavilov Institute global plant collection]. Saint-Petersburg, VIR, 2012;808.

7. Gagkaeva T.Yu., Gavrilova O.P., Loskutov I.G., Yli-Mattila T. Sources of resistance to Fusarium head blight in VIR oat collection. Euphytica. 2013;191:355-364.

8. Gagkaeva T., Gavrilova O., Yli-Mattila T., Loskutov I. Evaluation of oat germplasm for resistance to Fusarium head blight. Plant Breeding and Seed Sci. 2011;64:15-22.

9. Gavrilova O., Gagkaeva T., Burkin A., Kononenko G., Loskutov I. Susceptibility of oat germplasm to Fusarium infection and mycotoxin accumulation in grains. Abstracts of 8th International oat conference. Minneapolis, USA. Session V – Effective Pest, 28 june–2 july, 2008.

10. Gavrilova O.P., Gagkaeva T.Yu., Loskutov I.G. Screening of parent material for breeding oat varieties resistant to Fusarium disease and accumulation of mycotoxins in grain. Doklady Rossiyskoy Akademii Selskokhozyaystvennykh Nauk = Proceedings of the Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences. 2012;1:21-23.

11. Halstensen A.S., Nordby K.C., Eduard W., Klemsdal S.S. Real-time PCR detection of toxigenic Fusarium in airborne and settled grain dust and associations with trichothecene mycotoxins. J. Environ. Monitoring. 2006;8:1235-1241.

12. He Х., Skinnes H., Oliver R., Jackson E., Bjørnstad Å. Linkage mapping and identification of QTL affecting deoxynivalenol (DON) content (Fusarium resistance) in oats (Avena sativa L.). Theor. Appl. Genet. 2013;126:2655-2670.

13. Imathiu S.M., Ray R.V., Back M.I., Hare M.C., Edwards S.G. A survey investigating the infection of Fusarium langsethiae and production of HT-2 and T-2 mycotoxins in UK oat fields. J. Phytopathol. 2013; 161:553-561.

14. Kiecana I., Mielniczuk E., Kaczmarek Z., Kostecki M., Golinski P. Scab response and moniliformin accumulation in kernels of oat genotypes inoculated with Fusarium avenaceum in Poland. Europ. J. Plant Pathol. 2002;108:245-251.

15. Konarev A.V., Shelenga T.B., Perchuk I.N., Blinova E.V., Loskutov I.G. Characterization of the diversity of oats (genus Avena L.) from the Vavilov Institute global plant collection, starting material for breeding Fusarium-resistant oats. Agrarnaya Rossiya = Agricultural Russia. 2015;5:2-10.

16. Kononenko G.P., Burkin A.A. The experience of development and application of immunosorbent reagents for assaying 12,13-epoxytrichothec- 9-ene-8-ones. Immunopatologiya, Allergologiya, Infektologiya = Immunopathology, Allergology, Infectology. 2009;2:16.

17. Loskutov I.G. Oves (Avena L.). Rasprostranenie, sistematika, evolyutsiya i selektsionnaya tsennost [Oat (Avena L.). Distribution, taxonomy, evolution, and breeding value]. Saint-Petersburg, Vavilov Institute of Plant Industry, 2007

18. Loskutov I.G., Kovaleva O.N., Blinova E.V. Metodicheskie ukazaniya po izucheniyu i sokhraneniyu mirovoy kollektsii yachmenya i ovsa [Guidelines for studying and maintaining the global collections of barley and oat accessions at the Vavilov Institute of Plant Industry]. Saint-Petersburg, Vavilov Institute of Plant Industry, 2012.

19. Loskutov I.G., Rines H.W. Avena L. Wild Crop Relatives: Genomic and Breeding Resources. Cereals. Ed. C. Kole. Springer, Heidelberg, Berlin, New York. 2011;1:109- 184.

20. Martinelli J.A., Chaves M.S., Graichen F.A.S., Federizzi L.C., Dresch L.F. Impact of Fusarium head blight in reducing the weight of oat grains. J. Agric. Sci. 2014;6:188-198.

21. Mielniczuk E., Kiecana I., Perkowski J. Susceptibility of oat genotypes to Fusarium crookwellense Burgess, Nelson and Toussoun infection and mycotoxin accumulation in kernels. Biologia, Bratislava. 2004;59(6):809-816.

22. Plǎcintǎ D.D., Murariu D., Herrmann M. Incidence of Fusarium mycotoxins on different oat cultivars under natural and artificial infection conditions. Romanian Agric. Res. 2015;32:63-68.

23. Rodionova N.A., Soldatov V.N., Merezhko V.E., Yarosh N.P., Kobylyansky V.D. Oves. Kulturnaya flora [Cultivated flora: Oat]. Moscow, Kolos, 1994;2(3).

24. Scudamore K., Baillie H., Patel S., Edwards S.G. The occurrence and fate of Fusarium mycotoxins during the industrial processing of oats in the UK. Food Add. Cont. 2007;24:1374-1385.

25. Šliková S., Šrobárová A., Šudyová V., Polišenská I., Gregová E., Mihálik D. Response of oat cultivars to Fusarium infection with a view to their suitability for food use. Biologia, Bratislava. 2010;65(4): 609-614.

26. Tekauz A.B., Fetch M.J., Rossnagel B.G., Savard M.E. Progress in assessing the impact of Fusarium head blight on oat in western Canada and screening of Avena germplasm for resistance. Cereal Res. Comm. 2008;36:49-56.

27. Tekauz A.B., McCallum B., Ames N., Fetch J.M. Fusarium head blight of oat – current status in western Canada. Can. J. Plant Pathol. 2004; 26:473-479.

28. Yan W., Fregeau-Reid J., Rioux S., Pageau D., Xue A., Martin R., Fedak G., de Haan B., Lajeunesse J., Savard M. Response of oat genotypes to Fusarium head blight in Eastern Canada. Crop Sci. 2010; 50:134-142.

29. Yli-Mattila T., Paavanen-Huhtala S., Jestoi M., Parikka P., Hietaniemi V., Gagkaeva T., Sarlin T., Haikara A., Laaksonen S., Rizzo A. Real-time PCR detection and quantification of Fusarium poae, F. graminearum, F. sporotrichioides and F. langsethiae in cereal grains in Finland and Russia. Arch. Phytopathol. Plant Prot. 2008; 41:243-260.