Генетический полиморфизм и сопутствующие факторы риска ишемического инсульта в монгольской популяции Китая

Ишемический инсульт, вызванный прерыванием потока крови в мозг, представляет серьезную медицинскую проблему, являясь фактором риска смерти и потери трудоспособности. Недавние исследования геномных ассоциаций (genome-wide association studies – GWAS) определили более 40 общих вариантов геномных последовательностей, связанных с ишемическим инсультом. Однако результаты не могут быть одинаково применимы для различных мировых популяций. В данной работе мы рассматриваем гипотезу о том, что население Северной Азии, живущее в суровых условиях окружающей среды, может иметь уникальный спектр генов риска развития заболеваний сердечно-сосудистой системы. Исследованы гены-кандидаты предрасположенности к ишемическому инсульту в популяции монголов Китая, которая не была изучена ранее. В исследование были включены в общей сложности 167 больных с инсультом и 176 здоровых лиц. Генотипирование выполнено с помощью секвенирования ампликонов. Обнаружена ассоциация развития ишемического инсульта с одиночными нуклеотидными полиморфизмами в генах NINJ2 (rs12425791) и ALDH2 (rs2238151), а также в межгенном участке rs9536591. Среди генов-кандидатов наибольший вклад в развитие инсульта вносит NINJ2 (rs12425791). Ген ALDH2 кодирует митохондриальный фермент альдегиддегидрогеназу, вовлеченную в оксидативный путь метаболизма алкоголя. Пол, возраст, индекс массы тела и высокое кровяное давление также могут быть факторами риска. Данная работа показала существующую гетерогенность между китайской и другими популяционными выборками. Наше исследование предлагает новый взгляд на взаимодействие генотипа и факторов окружающей среды при развитии ишемического инсульта в монгольском населении.

популяционная генетика, геном человека, однонуклеотидные замены, монгольская популяция Китая, ишемический инсульт

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