A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SPRING TRITICALE VARIETIES IN THE WESTERN SIBERIAN FOREST-STEPPE ZONE UNDER DIFFERENT CONDITIONS OF VEGETATION

Spring triticale (x Triticosecale Wittmack) for Western Siberia is new and poorly studied culture. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential of spring triticale varieties and breeding lines and their adaptation to diferent conditions in Western Siberia. A ield experiment was conducted in Novosibirsk region, Russia in 2014. The experiment included seven spring triticale genotypes: the elite variety Ukro, three mutant forms of the facultative type of development (Sirs 57/2/4, Cecad 90/5, О.312/38) and three hybrids (Sirs 57/2/4 x Ukro, Ukro x K-3881, the complex hybrid winter wheat Filatovka x winter rye Korotko stebelnaya 69304 x Sirs 57/2/4). They were studied at two sowing rates (400 seeds per m² and 800 seeds per m²) and on two sowing dates (15 May 2014 and 27 May 2014). The following attributes were measured: grain yield, number of ears, plant height, yield components (ear length, number of spikelets per ear, number of grains per ear, grains weight per ear) and yield quality (1 000-grain weight and test weight of one-liter grain volume). The three-factor analysis of variance revealed that sowing rate efect explained the major part of the total experimental variation in almost all of the traits, except 1 000-grain weight and test weight, the variation of which was determined predominantly by genotype efect. The highest grain productivity of varieties was obtained for the 15 May sowing date at the 400 seeds per m² sowing rate. The three mutant forms used in the experiment showed a lower level of adaptability in comparison with the variety Ukro.

1. Aparna K., Hash C.T., Yadav R.S., Vadez V. Seed number and 100-seed weight of pearl millet (Pennicetum glaucum L.) respond differently to low soil moisture in genotypes contrasting for drought tolerance. J. Agron. Crop. Sci. 2014;200:119-131. DOI 10.1111/jac.12052.

2. Arough Y.K., Seyed Sharii Raouf, Seyed Sharii Reza. Bio fertilizers and zinc effects on some physiological parameters of triticale under water-limitation condition. J. Plant Interact. 2016;11:1 167-177. DOI 10.1080/17429145.2016.1262914.

3. Badiyal A., Chaudhary H.K., Jamwal N.S., Hussain W., Mahato A., Bhatt A.K. Interactive genotypic inluence of triticale and wheat on their crossability and haploid induction under varied agroclimatic regimes. Cereal Res. Commun. 2014;42:700-709. DOI 10.1556/CRC.2014.0017.

4. Burdujan V., Rurac M., Melnic A. Productivity and quality of winter triticale (xTriticosecale Wittmack) in multifactorial experiments. Scientiic Papers. Series A. Agronomy. 2014;LVII:119-122.

5. Cheshkova A., Aleynikov A., Stepochkin P. Analysis of covariation of quantitative characters of triticale. Achievements Sci. Technol. AIC. 2016;30:50-52.

6. Dumbrava M., Ion V., Epure L.I., Basa A.G., Ion N., Dusa E.M. Grain yield and yield components at triticale under different technological conditions. Agric. Agric. Sci. Procedia. 2016;10:94-103.

7. FAO, 2015: Statistical Yearbook. World Food and Agriculture. Rome, 2015.

8. Herndl M., White J.W., Hunt L.A., Graeff S., Wilhelm C. Field-based evaluation of vernalization requirement, photoperiod response and earliness per se in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Field Crops Res. 2008;105:193-201. DOI 10.1016/j.fcr.2007.10.002.

9. Kosner J., Pankova K. Vernalisation response of some winter wheat cultivars. Czech J. Genet. Plant Breed. 2002;38:97-103.

10. Kuhling I., Redozubov D., Broll G., Trautz D. Impact of tillage, seeding rate and seeding depth on soil moisture and dryland spring wheat yield in Western Siberia. Soil Till. Res. 2017;170:43-52. DOI 10.1016/j.still.2017.02.009.

11. Losert D., Maurer H.P., Marulanda J.J., Wurschum T. Phenotypic and genotypic analyses of diversity and breeding progress in European triticale (xTriticosecale Wittmack). Plant Breed. 2017;136:18-27. DOI 10.1111/pbr.12433.

12. R Development Core Team. R: A language and environment for statistical computing. 2014. R Foundation for Statistical Computing. Vienna, Austria. Available at: http://www.R-project.org

13. Stepochkina N.I., Stepochkin P.I. The use of micropurka in determining grain nature of single plants of triticale and wheat. Achievements Sci. Technol. AIC. 2015;11:39-40.

14. Stoyanov H., Baychev V. Correlations between spike parameters of irst generation direct and reciprocal crosses of Triticale (xTriticosecale Wittm.). Agricult. Sci. 2015;18:25-34.

15. Styopochkin P.I. Working out and studies of Siberian triticale genepool. In: Proceed. Intern. Conf. “Genetic Collections, Isogenic and Alloplasmic Lines”. Novosibirsk, Russia, 2001:235-237.

16. Tams S.H., Bauer E., Oettler G., Melchinger A.E. Genetic diversity in European winter triticale determined with SSR markers and coancestry coeficient. Theor. Appl. Genet. 2004;108:1385-1391. DOI 10.1007/s00122-003-1552-1.

17. Teetor P. R Cookbook. O’Reilly Media, 2011;413.