Кандидатные SNP-маркеры ревматоидного полиартрита, которые могут достоверно изменять сродство ТАТА-связывающего белка к промоторам генов человека

Ревматоидный полиартрит (РА) – аутоиммунное заболевание с наличием аутоантител (например, антитела к антигенам цитруллированных белков), и провоспалительных цитокинов, таких как TNF-α и IL-6, которые принимают участие в индукции хронического синовита, эрозии костной ткани с последующей деформацией. Иммунопатогенез базируется на механизмах полома иммунной толерантности к собственным антигенам, что характеризуется повышением активности Т-клеток-эффекторов, обуславливающих симптоматику РА. В то же время на фоне такой повышенной активности эффекторных лимфоцитов регистрируется снижение активности ряда регуляторных клеток, включая регуляторные Т-клетки (Трег) и клетки-супрессоры миелоидного происхождения. Имеются основания полагать, что именно изменение активности клеток-супрессоров является ведущим звеном в патогенезе развития РА. Поэтому говорят лишь о периодах ослабления (ремиссии) РА. Вследствие более мощной женской иммунной системы, по сравнению с мужской, риск развития РА у женщин втрое выше, он снижается при лактации и растет при беременности, а также после менопаузы пропорционально уровню половых гормонов. Считают, что риск развития РА на 50 % зависит от условий и образа жизни, тогда как оставшиеся 50 % – от генетической предрасположенности. Поэтому РА отвечает главной идее постгеномной предиктивно-превентивной персонализированной медицины: дать шанс тем, кто хотел бы снизить риск заболеваний, приведя образ своей жизни в соответствие с данными по своему расшифрованному геному. Это очень важно, поскольку врачи относят РА к наиболее частым причинам инвалидизации. С использованием ранее созданного нами Web-сервиса SNP_TATA_Z-tester (http://beehive.bionet.nsc.ru/cgi-bin/mgs/tatascan_fox/start.pl) исследовано 227 вариантов однонуклеотидного полиморфизма (SNP) промоторов генов человека. В итоге было предсказано 43 кандидатных SNP-маркера РА, которые способны изменять сродство ТАТА-связывающего белка (ТВР) к промоторам этих генов.

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