Дифференциальная экспрессия 10 генов, ассоциированных с агрессивным поведением, в гипоталамусе двух поколений крыс, селекционируемых по реакции на человека

Индивидуальные особенности поведения у особей одного вида обусловлены взаимодействием генотипа и социального опыта. Как у любого типа поведения, фенотипическое проявление паттернов агрессивного поведения зависит от согласованной экспрессии целых ансамблей генов. Однако идентификация этих генов и комбинаций их взаимного влияния на экспрессию остается сложной задачей. С целью выявления наиболее значимых для осуществления агрессивных реакций генов нами на модельных животных – серых крысах, селекционируемых по реакции на человека (линии ручных и агрессивных крыс), была проведена оценка уровня экспрессии выбранных на основе литературных данных десяти генов (Cacna1b, Cacna2d3, Drd2, Egr1, Gad2, Gria2, Mapk1, Nos1, Pomc, Syn1), которые ассоциированы с агрессивным поведением. Экспрессию генов оценивали методом ПЦР в реальном времени в образцах гипоталамуса ручных и агрессивных серых крыс двух разных поколений (88-е и 90-е). В результате проведенного анализа экспрессии генов в гипоталамусе крыс, селекционируемых на ручное и агрессивное поведение, было обнаружено, что четыре из десяти исследуемых генов достоверно различаются по уровню экспрессии между крысами агрессивной и ручной линий 88-го и 90-го поколений разведения. Кроме того, показано, что экспрессия генов Cacna1b, Drd2, Egr1 и Gad2 не изменяется между двумя поколениями крыс одной и той же линии, но достоверно различается между линиями: у крыс ручной линии обоих поколений эти гены экспрессируются достоверно ниже по сравнению с агрессивной. Гены Cacna1b, Drd2, Egr1 и Gad2 являются наиболее перспективными для дальнейших исследований поведенческих особенностей крыс, селекционируемых по реакции на человека. Данный результат подтверждает полигенную детерминацию фенотипического проявления агрессивных реакций на примере модельных животных.

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