Селекция субтропических и цветочных культур в ФИЦ «Субтропический научный центр РАН»

Представлены результаты селекционной работы ФИЦ «Субтропический научный центр Российской академии наук» (ФИЦ СНЦ РАН). Селекционерами ФИЦ СНЦ РАН проводится большая работа, направленная на выведение новых урожайных, высококачественных, устойчивых к биотическим и абиотическим факторам сортов субтропических и цветочных культур: хурмы восточной, фейхоа, мандарина, фрезии, анемоны корончатой, пеларгонии и хризантемы. Выделены источники хозяйственно ценных признаков цветочных культур, которые представляют интерес для селекции на улучшение декоративных (окраска, форма цветка, соцветия) и хозяйственно-биологических признаков (период цветения, большое количество цветков в соцветии, период стояния в срезе, устойчивость к болезням, высокий коэффициент размножения). Цель исследований – совершенствование сортимента субтропических и цветочных культур. Объектами исследований служили 989 гибридных форм, из них цитрусовых – 136, хурмы – 56, фейхоа – 36, чая – 38, груши – 11, лещины – 24, фрезии – 108, анемоны корончатой – 398, пеларгонии – 120, хризантемы – 62. Результатом работы стало выведение сортов с комплексом ценных признаков. За последние пять лет в ФИЦ СНЦ РАН создано и передано в Госсорткомиссию РФ 50 новых сортов, в том числе 26 – пеларгонии, 15 – анемоны, 5 – фрезии, 2 – хризантемы, 1 – хурмы и 1 – яблони. В «Государственный реестр селекционных достижений…» включено 63 сорта селекции ФИЦ СНЦ РАН, в том числе 26 сортов пеларгонии, 13 – анемоны, 9 – хризантемы, 7 – фрезии, 4 – фундука, 3 – фейхоа, 1 – чайного растения. Получено 46 патентов на селекционные  достижения.

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7. Gutiyeva N.M. Some peculiarities in sampling the hybrids within selec­ tion of pelargonium grandiflorum. Sadovodstvo i Vinogradarstvo = Horticulture and Viticulture. 2014;4:32-36. (in Russian)

8. Gutiyeva N.M. Updating the priorities in pelargonium breeding for the conditions of Russian humid subtropics. Plodovodstvo i Yagodovod­ stvo Rossii = Fruit and Berry Growing in Russia. 2015;43:51-56. (in Russian)

9. Gutiyeva N.M. Feature collection of the genus Pelargonium. Plodovod­ stvo i Yagodovodstvo Rossii = Fruit and Berry Growing in Russia. 2018;54:31-34. DOI 10.31676/2073­4948­2018­54­31­34. (in Russian)

10. Gutiyeva N.M. Promising interspecific hybrids of pelargoniums in the humid subtropics of Russia. Sadovodstvo i Vinogradarstvo = Hor­ ticulture and Viticulture. 2020;5:5-10. DOI 10.31676/0235-25912020­5­5­10. (in Russian)

11. Kiseleva N.S. Application of clusterization method in the system­cog­ nitive analysis and intellectual system “Eidos” in pear breeding on the set signs. Plodovodstvo i Vinogradarstvo Yuga Rossii = Fruit Growing and Viticulture in the South of Russia. 2020;61(1):16-32. DOI 10.30679/2219-5335-2020-1-61-16-32. (in Russian)

12. Kozina S.V. Creation of crown anemone cultivars on the Black sea coast of Krasnodar region. Subtropicheskoye i Dekorativnoye Sado­ vodstvo = Subtropical and Ornamental Horticulture. 2015;55:87-92. (in Russian)

13. Kozina S.V. The results of intracultivar crossings of Anemone co­ ronaria L.: color and shape of perianth. Plodovodstvo i Yagodovod­ stvo Rossii = Fruit and Berry Growing in Russia. 2018;55:24-31. DOI 10.31676/2073-4948-2018-55-24-31. (in Russian)

14. Kulyan R.V., Omarova Z.М. The principal directions of the feijoa se­ lection. Vestnik Rossijskoy Selskokhozyajstvennoy Nauki = Vestnik of the Russian Agricultural Science. 2018;3;42-44. DOI 10.30850/vrsn/2018/3/42­44. (in Russian)

15. Kulyan R.V., Samarina L.S., Rakhmangulov R.S., Kikavskii I.V., Aleh­ na A.I. Citrus genetic resources in Russia, Ukraine, Belarus: conser­

16. vation and management. Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genetiki i Selektsii = Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding. 2017;21(5):506-514. DOI 10.18699/VJ17.21-о. (in Russian)

17. Loshkareva S.V. Biological and economic evaluation of generative offspring teas new generation under the Black sea coast of the Big Sochi. Sadovodstvo i Vinogradarstvo = Horticulture and Viticulture. 2014;5:23-26. (in Russian)

18. Modern Methods and Tools for the Assessment and Selection of Breeding Material of Orchard Crops and Grapevine. Krasnodar, 2017. (in Russian)

19. Mokhno V.S., Bratukhina Ye.V., Gutiyeva N.M., Paschenko O.I. To the problem of Tulipa and Pelargonium flowerer breеding in humid sub­ tropics of Russia. Selskokhozyaystvennaya Biologiya = Agricultural Biology. 2014;49(3):70-76. (in Russian)

20. Nesumi H., Nakano M., Yoshida T. Mode of inheritance on the abnor­ mal development of impregenated ovules derived from Mukaku­ kishu. J. Jpn. Soc. Hortic. Sci. 2001;70:403-412.

21. Omarov M.D., Kulyan R.V., Omarova Z.M. Oriental persimmon in Russian research institute of floriculture and subtropical crops col­ lection is the basis for the identification of valuable economical features. Plodovodstvo i Yagodovodstvo Rossii = Fruit and Berry Growing in Russia. 2018;55:46-53. DOI 10.31676/2073­4948­2018­55­46­53. (in Russian)

22. Omarov M.D., Omarova Z.M. Selection results on subtropic fruit crops in the Russian Federation. Noviye Тekhnologii = New Technologies. 2020;1:131-137. DOI 10.24411/2072-0920-2020-10114. (in Ruses of selection works with freesia culture. Vestnik Rossijskoy Selskokhozyajstvennoy Nauki = Vestnik of the Russian Agricultural Science. 2020b;1:49-52. DOI 10.30850/vrsn/2020/1/49­52. (in Russian)

23. Pchikhachev E.K., Korzun B.V. Tea growing development in Adygea. Subtropicheskoye i Dekorativnoye Sadovodstvo = Subtropical and Ornamental Horticulture. 2017;62:24-31. (in Russian)

24. Program of the North­Caucasian Center for the Breeding of Fruit, Small-fruit, Ornamental Crops and Grapevine for the Period until 2030. Krasnodar, 2013. (in Russian)

25. Protocol for Tests for the Distinguishability, Uniformity, and Culti­ vation Stability of the Poppy Anemone. Sochi: VNIITsiSK Publ., 2003. (in Russian)

26. Ryndin A.V. Agroecological Aspects of Horticulture in Russian Humid Subtropics. Sochi, 2016. (in Russian)

27. Ryndin A.V., Kelina A.V., Slepchenko N.A., Klemeshova K.V. Perspec­ tives of import substitution in ornamental horticulture of Russian subtropical zone. Subtropicheskoye i Dekorativnoye Sadovodstvo = Subtropical and Ornamental Horticulture. 2015;55:19-26. (in Russian)

28. Ryndin A.V., Kulyan R.V. Collection of citrus culture in the humid subtropics of Russian Federation. Sadovodstvo i Vinogradarstvo = Horticulture and Viticulture. 2016;5;24-30. DOI 10.18454/VSTISP.2016.5.3445. (in Russian)

29. Ryndin A.V., Slepchenko N.A. Flower-ornamental crops in FSBSI Russian Research Institute of Floriculture and Subtropical Crops: state and replenishment of collections. Nauchnyye Tpudy Severo­ Kavkazskogo Federalnogo Nauchnogo Tsentra Sadovodstva, Vino­ gradarstva, Vinodeliya = Scientific Works of the North-Caucasus Federal Scientific Centre for Horticulture, Viticulture and Winemaking. 2019;25:206-210. DOI 10.30679/2587-9847-2019-25-206-210. (in Russian)

30. Ryndin A.V., Tereshkin A.S. State and prospects in development of sub­ tropical plant growing on the Black sea coast of Russia. Subtropi­ cheskoye i Dekorativnoye Sadovodstvo = Subtropical and Ornamen­ tal Horticulture. 2012;46;13­25. (in Russian)

31. Ryndin A.V., Tuov M.T. Scientific support for tea growing in Russia and priority research directions for further development of the in­ dustry. Subtropicheskoye i Dekorativnoye Sadovodstvo = Subtropi­ cal and Ornamental Horticulture. 2010;43-1:6-10. (in Russian)

32. Tutberidze Ts.V. Optimization of species­and­cultivar structure in southern horticulture. Subtropicheskoye i Dekorativnoye Sadovod­ stvo = Subtropical and Ornamental Horticulture. 2015;53:65-71. (in Russian)

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35. Vavilova L.V. Stimation of winter resistance of promising varities of tea in the conditions of warming winter period in Adygea. Noviye Tekhnologii = New Technologies. 2018;4:193-200. (in Russian)

36. Volk G., Samarina L., Kulyan R., Gorshkov V., Malyarovskaya V., Ryn­ din A., Polek M., Krueger R., Stover E. Citrus genebank collections: international collaboration opportunities between the US and Rus­ sia. Genet. Resour. Crop Evol. 2018;65(2):433-447. DOI 10.1007/s10722­017­0543­z.

37. Yakushina L.G. Flowering periods of garden chrysanthemum (Chry­ santhemum × hortorum) cultivars and hybrids in the conditions of the caucasus Black sea Coast. Subtropicheskoye i Dekorativnoye Sadovodstvo = Subtropical and Ornamental Horticulture. 2020;74: 76-84. DOI 10.31360/2225-3068-2020-74-76-84. (in Russian)

38. Yasuda K., Yahata M., Kunitake H. Phylogeny and classification of kumquats (Fortunella spp.) inferred from CMA karyotype composi­ tion. Hort. J. 2015;85(2):115-121. DOI 10.2503/hortj.MI-078.

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