Сравнительная оценка копийности сателлитных повторов в геноме видов Triticeae

Сателлитные повторы составляют значительную часть генома Пшеницевых, играя важную роль в видообразовании, что делает их ценным инструментом для изучения этих процессов. Особое место среди злаков занимают виды Pseudoroegneria – наиболее вероятные доноры St-генома у многих полиплоидов. Цель настоя щего исследования состояла в сравнительной оценке копийности сателлитных повторов в геномах Triticeae. С по мощью количественной полимеразной цепной реакции в реальном времени была установлена копийность 22 сателлитных повторов, выявленных в полногеномных нуклеотидных последовательностях видов Pseudoroegneria, и одного ранее опубликованного повтора, обнаруженного в геноме Aegilops crassa. Объектами анализа стали семь видов Pseudoroegneria, три вида Thinopyrum, Elymus pendulinus, Ae. tauschii, Secale cereale и Triticum aestivum. По уровню копийности и коэффициентам вариации нами выделено три группы повторов: с низким уровнем вариативности между видами (среднекопийный CL82), средним уровнем вариативности (низко- и среднекопийные CL67, CL3, CL185, CL119, CL192, CL89, CL115, CL95, CL168) и с высокими значениями коэффициента вариации (CL190, CL184, CL300, CL128, CL207, CL69, CL220, CL101, CL262, CL186, CL134, CL251, CL244). Повтор CL69 показал специфическую высокую копийность для всех видов Pseudoroegneria, CL101 – у Pseudoroegneria и Th. junceum, CL244 – у Th. bessarabicum, CL184 – у P. cognata и S. cereale. У P. cognata более высокую копийность, по сравнению с остальными видами, проявили повторы CL95, CL128, CL168, CL186, CL207, CL300; у P. kosaninii – CL3, CL95, CL115, CL119, CL190, CL220, CL207 и CL300; у P. libanotica – CL89; у P. geniculata – CL134. Проведенные нами оценка копийности сателлитных повторов, найденных в St-геноме, и анализ специфичности их амплификации между видами могут пополнить арсенал молекулярно-генетических и цитогенетических маркеров, используемых для эволю ционных, филогенетических и популяционных исследований представителей трибы Пшеницевых.

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